Karkhe ̄do ̄n ⇒ Carthage
Karuanda (mod. Salih Adası; 37 ̊ 09 ’ N, 27 ̊ 31 ’ E): an island with sheltered anchorage,
between Mundos and Bargulia, and north of Halikarnassos. Early in the 3rd c. BCE,
the population migrated to a new mainland site (south of mod. Güllük Körfezi; 37 ̊ 07 ’ N,
27 ̊ 20 ’ E; S 14.2.20), becoming citizens of Mundos and effectively replacing that
town. PECS 798, G. Webster; BAGRW 61-F3; BNP 2 (2003) 1147–1148, H. Kaletsch.
S, S () (?).
Karustos (mod. Karustos; 38 ̊ 01 ’ N, 24 ̊ 25 ’ E): coastal city at the south end of Euboia,
opposed the Persian invasion of 490 BCE, but aided Xerxe ̄s in 480 BCE; then allied with
Athens. In the 3rd c. BCE, variously a member of the Euboian League, or allied with
Macedon; taken by Rome 196 BCE. PECS 438, M.B. Wallace; OCD3 563, W.A. Laidlaw
et al.; BAGRW 58-G1; BNP 2 (2003) 1149–1150, H. Kaletsch.
A, A, D.
Kassandreia (mod. Nea Potidaia; 40 ̊ 12 ’ N, 23 ̊ 20 ’ E): originally Poteidaia, a colony of
Corinth founded ca 600 BCE on the western peninsula of the Khalkidike ̄, near
Olunthos. After the revolt in 432 BCE, the inhabitants exiled and the site resettled by
Athens; restored to its former inhabitants 404 BCE. Taken by Philip II of Macedon 356
BCE, and the inhabitants enslaved; replaced with refugees from Olunthos. Kassandros/
Cassander refounded the city in his own honor 316 BCE, and it remained part of the
kingdom of Macedon until its end, 168 BCE. PECS 733 – 734, J.A. Alexander; OCD3 1235,
N.G.L. Hammond; BAGRW 50-D4; NP 10.230–232, M. Zahrnt.
A, A.
Kastabala (near mod. Kırmıtlı north-west of Osmaniye; 37 ̊ 10 ’ N, 36 ̊ 08 ’ E): city
in Kappadokia or Kilikia, east of Anazarbos and north of Antioch on the
Orontes; known as Hierapolis from ca 170 BCE to Roman times; under the kingdom of
Kappadokia 63 BCE to 17 CE; a Christian bishopric in late antiquity. S 12.1.4,
12.2.7; BAGRW 67-C2; BNP 2 (2003) 1175, H. Täuber.
C.
Katane ̄/Catina (mod. Catania; 37 ̊ 31 ’ N, 15 ̊ 04 ’ E): coastal city south-east of Mt. Aetna
on Sicily, north of Surakousai; colonized in 729 BCE by citizens of Khalkis previously
settled on Naxos. Controlled by Surakuosai in the early 5th c. to 461 BCE (the population
being temporarily removed to Leontinoi); served as a base for maneuvers by Athens in
415 – 413 BCE. Conquered by Rome in 263 BCE, it became a ciuitas. Under A, it
enjoyed extensive rebuilding and became a colonia, gradually acquiring importance retained
into the Byzantine era. PECS 442 – 443, G. Rizza; OCD3 302 – 303, A.G. Woodhead and
R.J.A. Wilson; BAGRW 47-G3; BNP 3 (2003) 8–9, G. Falco and K. Ziegler.
P.
Kaunos (mod. Dalyan; 36 ̊ 50 ’ N, 28 ̊ 37 ’ E): prosperous old Karian coastal town, south-east
of Halikarnassos, and north-east of Knidos; under Persian hegemony in the 6th c. BCE,
under Athens in the 5th, then under Mausso ̄llos’ influence in the 4th. Under various
Hellenistic kings until Rhodes purchased the city for 200 talents in 191 BCE (P
Book 30, fr.31.6). Freed by Rome in 167 BCE, but returned to Rhodes briefly. PECS
443 – 444, G.E. Bean; OCD3 305, S. Hornblower; BAGRW 65-A4; BNP 3 (2003) 39–40 (#2),
H. Kaletsch.
D (?).
GAZETTEER