Religion in India: A Historical Introduction

migrations brought elements of the Yoga ̄ca ̄ra, Ma ̄dhyamika, and Vajraya ̄na sects.^1 Buddhism came relatively late into Tibet ...

world and the numerology of five, thirty-three, etc. reflected Indian cosmog- raphy.^7 In time, forms of dance and shadow-puppet ...

figure). Makeshift icons of protector deities such as Maturai Vı ̄ran ̄ or Man ̄ math were implanted. Also common were shrines t ...

of one’s lineage. Many of the temples will host festivals, some modest, some quite elaborate indeed. One of the most colorful of ...

as a mediating agency once Dariusinitiated contact with India around 510 BCE.^12 There are hints that some Indian influences wer ...

city from all over the world. The sciences brought from India included aspects of astronomy, medicine, and math (the “cipher” an ...

then European, eyes, they became the stimulus for generations of study of Indian languages and thought and a resource for a numb ...

Transcendentalists.Ralph Waldo Emersonread translations of Sanskrit, Pa ̄li, and Persian literature which informed his Unitarian ...

on some of America’s religious “free thinkers.” There was a trickle of “gurus,” both Euro-Americans and Indian-born, who planted ...

eventually in 1946. Yet the signature feature of his work was the technique he marketed known as “kriya yoga.” “Kriya yoga” sele ...

microcosm and macrocosm as perceived by the founder.^30 The emphasis during this period seemed to be experimentation and opennes ...

familiar with the rigorous discipline of the movement, its characteristic garb, and public chanting of “Hare Ra ̄ma ̄, Hare Kr.i ...

home countries and states – for all these reasons, these migrants came to see themselves more as Kashmı ̄rı ̄s, Benga ̄lı ̄s, an ...

though in the 1980s and 1990s, more than half of these immigrants were joining families already here. Apparently unlike the earl ...

“high-tech.” Indian professionals were finding study opportunities in its universities and jobs in its hospitals and technologic ...

tradition. A summer ‘academy’ in Carnatic (Southern) music is offered, as are occasional classes in Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, and ...

themselves from both Hindus and Muslims. Weekly rituals will include a reading of a portion of the Guru ̄ Granth Sa ̄hiband the ...

242 India’s Global Reach Figure 13 S ́rı ̄ Ven ̇ kat.es ́vara Temple, Pittsburgh, PA. Photograph by Ann Clothey. Figure 14The Hi ...

India’s Global Reach 243 Figure 15 The Sikh Gurdwa ̄ ra, Pittsburgh, PA. Photograph by Rebecca Clothey. Figure 16 Masjid, founde ...

The major annual celebration is Ramad.a ̄n. The ‘ ̄dı closing the Ramad.a ̄n fast is usually marked by prayers held in a large a ...