Handbook of Psychology, Volume 4: Experimental Psychology

38 Motivation by the obesity of rats given a variety of highly palatable foods (Sclafani & Springer, 1976). Rats under these ...

Feeding 39 procedures, internal state (e.g., deprivation) seems to act directly to increase the animal’s tendency to engage in f ...

40 Motivation not until 10 min to 1 hr after ingestion, and not specifically to food. Further studies (Hogan, 1973b) indicated t ...

Fear Motivation 41 Figure 2.2 Having “captured” the ball bearing, the rat attempts to engage in consummatory behavior. movement ...

42 Motivation require that an animal respond to a threat with specific be- haviors. Turtles withdraw into their hard shells; por ...

Fear Motivation 43 (Jacobs & LoLordo, 1980). These findings suggest that stim- ulus selection in the laboratory reflects phy ...

44 Motivation threat because rats are more visible in bright environments. Thus, negative phototaxis may be an example of defens ...

Fear Motivation 45 to perform these responses via reinforcement. Bolles in- cluded a response selection rule in the original for ...

46 Motivation defensive behavior may fall into a single category of preda- tory imminence (e.g., freezing). However, the express ...

Fear Motivation 47 rodent species, and it is characterized by the absence of all movement except for breathing. In the wild, rod ...

48 Motivation lesions of the temporal lobe tamed previously fierce monkeys. Similarly, Kluver and Bucy (1939) described the emot ...

Sexual Motivation 49 Figure 2.4 A male and female blue gourami. the association of a single female with multiple males. These po ...

50 Motivation such as approach behavior. These cues also shorten copulatory latencies (Domjan, et al., 1986). Thus, discrete Pav ...

Temperature Motivation 51 the range of stimuli that are effective in eliciting sexual be- havior” (Domjan, 1994, p. 426). That i ...

52 Motivation footpads, and inner thighs dissipate heat efficiently because they have limited insulation (Stirling, 1988). As we ...

Temperature Motivation 53 regulation. However, when exposed to a cold environment, rat pups clump together in a manner that redu ...

54 Motivation animal uses a “comparator” to assess the difference between its actual body temperature and its set point temperat ...

References 55 evolutionary problems the animal must solve, we protect our- selves from explanations that assume an unlimited num ...

56 Motivation expression related to the strength of song learning in socially reared zebra finches.European Journal of Neuroscie ...

References 57 Domjan, M., Lyons, R., North, N. C., & Bruell, J. (1986). Sexual Pavlovian conditioned approach behavior in ma ...