Principles of Food Sanitation

feces of wild and domestic animals. Other sources are raw foods of animal origin and non-chlorinated water from wells, streams, ...

50 PRINCIPLES OFFOODSANITATION healthy individuals, including family mem- bers of patients. Sewage-contaminated water is a sourc ...

The Relationship of Microorganisms to Sanitation 51 Changes in perception and awareness of what constitutes hazards, risks, and ...

the food. Also, entry can occur by indirect contamination through the use of contami- nated ingredients in processed foods or fr ...

during visits to developing nations where hygienic practices may be substandard. Microbial destruction.......................... ...

54 PRINCIPLES OFFOODSANITATION tional discussion related to this subject is presented in Chapter 10.) Chlorine, acids, and phosp ...

Microbial growth control Most methods used to kill microorganisms may be applied in a milder treatment to inhibit microbial grow ...

essential for selection of the most appropri- ate method and the ultimate application of results. During the past, many of the m ...

The Relationship of Microorganisms to Sanitation 57 swabbing is not done. A covered dish or rehy- drated Petrifilm is opened, an ...

commercial test kits, are based on the detec- tion of the production of an enzyme (glu- curonidase) through E. coli(Russell, 200 ...

ATP. An automated luminometer can detect the presence of yeast, mold, or bacterial cells in liquid samples in 3 minutes (Figures ...

technology may appear to be less expensive than bioluminescence, a cost-analysis study demonstrated that rapid microbial testing ...

samples and counting bacteria by DEFT. The antibody-direct epifluorescent filter technique (Ab-DEFT) has been incorpo- rated in ...

Diagnostic tests Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay Tests Conventional methods for recovering sal- monella require 3 to 4 days to yield n ...

must be confirmed (Phebus and Fung, 1994). These beads have been used to detect E. coli O157:H7 in foods. A latex agglutination ...

64 PRINCIPLES OFFOODSANITATION The reaction of the motile Salmonellaewith the flagellar antibodies results in an immobi- lized p ...

The Relationship of Microorganisms to Sanitation 65 closely associated with virulence. Using this method, the virulence ofL. mon ...

color, visualized under long-wave ultraviolet light optically or via instrument, is propor- tional to the total E. coli/mL in th ...

specific for any pathogen within a few minutes with no special equipment and skills. It detects pathogenic microorganisms based ...

68 PRINCIPLES OFFOODSANITATION What is generation interval? What is an anaerobic microorganism? What is psychosomatic food illn ...