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Delahunty and Garvey replaced by the nominative pronoun, Fred must be the subject of (15). Fred is also the subject by the agree ...

Basic Clause Patterns However, as a general characterization of the subject, it will not do. We saw in our chapter on Major Part ...

Delahunty and Garvey b. The wind knocked down the power lines. In (23a), The hail cannot be the Agent of the action denoted by t ...

Basic Clause Patterns Consider now the roles played by the italicized noun phrases in: (29) John is currently in Turkey walking ...

Delahunty and Garvey Experiencer: the animate entity inwardly or psychologically affected by the event or state. (36) a. Henry k ...

Basic Clause Patterns Attribute: a status, property, or characteristic ascribed to some entity. (43) a. Bullwinkle is the game w ...

Delahunty and Garvey n. Today is the last day to register. (TIME) o. It is raining. (EMPTY) Exercise Using (a) as a model, ident ...

Basic Clause Patterns followed by a verb in its past participle form. The passive be must be mentioned here, too. Unlike the pro ...

Delahunty and Garvey Because the placement of the first auxiliary verb is affected by whether its clause is interrogative or ind ...

Basic Clause Patterns c. She will like her linguistics classes. [Future tense] If there is no auxiliary verb in a clause, the te ...

Delahunty and Garvey Discuss the systematic difference between the use of past and present tense forms in the passage. Why do yo ...

Basic Clause Patterns and (c) forms in (59) and between (60a) and (60b): (59) When we arrived, a. he made sandwiches. b. he was ...

Delahunty and Garvey tence is a past perfect (e.g., I had met him several times by 2004), the relevant later time is prior to th ...

Basic Clause Patterns situation occurs: (70) The burglar was leaving by the rear window when/as the police arrived. It is also i ...

Delahunty and Garvey you find it?) a. The plane is taxiing. (The action does/does not take a period of time.) b. I watch televis ...

Basic Clause Patterns who is living with bipolar disorder, and a friend facing the daily chal- lenge of hepatitis C. You see whe ...

Delahunty and Garvey The relevant time span can also be interpreted as shortly before the refer- ence time, or recently: (76) I ...

basic clause patterns response to newly arrived competitors. Cedar trees have begun mak- ing toxins to protect themselves from b ...

Delahunty and Garvey (79) a. NP AUX [VPVi] (79) b. S NP AUX VP N Vi Edgar will speak Examples of this pattern are: (80) a. Edgar ...

Basic Clause Patterns overt or “understood.” Pattern 2 has the functional structure (81a), exemplified by (81b): (81) a. Basic c ...