3. MORPHOLOGY
iKlaa khila: feed iKlavaa khilva: cause x to feed y
banaa bana: make banavaanaa banva:na cause x to make
kr kar get done krvaa karva: cause x to do
Qaulaa dhula: make x wash Qaulavaa dhulva: cause x to wash
(a) As a result of adding the causal II suffix to the transitive verb
root, the vowel Aao /o/ changes to ] /u/.
taoD, tor break tuD,vaa turva: cause x to break
(b) There are few irregular forms. In the following example, the
causal suffix -vaa -va is added to the intransitive verb root ibak bik
‘sell’ instead of its transitive verb form baoca be:c:
baoca bec sell ibakvaa bikva: cause x to sell
(c) In certain cases, the meanings of the first and second causals are
the same as in kranaa kara:na:/ krvaanaa karva:na: ‘to get done’ or Qaulaanaa
dhula:na:/ Qaulavaanaa dhulva:na: ‘to get washed.’
- maaÐ nao baccao kao dUQa iplaayaa.
mã: ne bacce ko du:dh pila:ya:.
mother-erg child to milk drink-caus-past
The mother made the child drink milk.
11a. maaÐ nao baccao kao nasa- sao dUQa iplavaayaa.
mã: ne bacce ko nars se du:dh pilva:ya:.
mother-er child to nurse by milk drink-cause
The mother caused the child to drink milk from the nurse.
3.4.2.5. Dative Verbs
Most dative verbs fall into the stative-inchoative category of verbs.
They represent a small class of verbs but are very frequently used.
They can be derived by substituting the intransitive verbs haonaa hona:
‘to be,’ and Aanaa a:na: ‘to come’ in place of krnaa karna: ‘to do’ in
active/conjunct verbs as given below.
Stative Inchoative Active
psaMd haonaa psaMd Aanaa psaMd krnaa
pasand hona: pasand a:na: pasand karna: to like