5 Steps to a 5 AP Chemistry
4 .Physical state of reactants—When reactants are mixed in the same physical state, the reaction rates should be higher than if ...
The Rate Equation The rate of reaction may depend upon reactant concentration, product concentration, and temperature. Cases in ...
Therefore, the reaction is first order with respect to O 2 and the rate equation can be writ- ten as: Rate =k[NO]^2 [O 2 ] The r ...
Integrated Rate Laws Thus far, only cases in which instantaneous data are used in the rate expression have been shown. These exp ...
is a constant, independent of reactant concentration, and can be shown to have the follow- ing mathematical relationship: For se ...
Reaction Mechanisms In the introduction to this chapter we discussed how chemical reactions occurred. Recall that before a react ...
Catalysts A catalystis a substance that speeds up the rate of reaction without being consumed in the reaction. A catalyst may ta ...
The experimenter must then determine the concentration of one or more substances later, or record some measurable change in the ...
For the following reaction: NO 2 (g) +CO(g) → NO(g) +CO 2 (g), the rate law is: Rate =k[NO 2 ]^2. If a small amount of gaseous ...
10.The reaction (CH 3 ) 3 CBr(aq) + H 2 O(l) → (CH 3 ) 3 COH(aq) +HBr(aq) follows the rate law: Rate =k[(CH 3 ) 3 CBr]. What wil ...
concentration of CO is doubled. This direct change means the reaction is first order with respect to CO. Comparing Experiments 1 ...
Answers and Explanations a. i. This part of the problem begins with a generic rate equation: Rate =k[ClO 2 ]m[OH−]n. The value ...
Step 1: ClO 2 +ClO 2 →Cl 2 O 4 Step 2: Cl 2 O 4 +OH−→ClO 3 −+HClO 2 Step 3: HClO 2 +OH−→ClO 2 −+H 2 O Total: 2 ClO 2 +Cl 2 O 4 + ...
211 Equilibrium IN THIS CHAPTER Summary:We’ve been discussing chemical reactions for several chapters. In the Kinetics chapter ...
It is important to remember that at equilibrium the concentrations of the chemical species are constant, not necessarily equal. ...
Equilibrium Expressions The reactant quotient can be written at any point during the reaction, but the most useful point is when ...
Le Cha ^ telier’s Principle At a given temperature, a reaction will reach equilibrium with the production of a certain amount of ...
Note that there are 4 mol of gas (1 of nitrogen and 3 of hydrogen) on the left side and 2 mol on the right. If the container is ...
acids and bases may be strong or weak. Strong acidscompletely dissociate in water; weak acids only partially dissociate. For exa ...
The [H 2 O] is assumed to be a constant and is incorporated into the Kavalue. It is not shown in the equilibrium constant expres ...
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