5 Steps to a 5 AP Chemistry
When writing formulas the metal (central atom) is alwayslisted first within the brackets. However, when writing names the metal ...
Examples: [Cr(en) 3 ]Cl 3 Tris(ethylenediamine)chromium(III) chloride K 2 [Ge(C 2 O 4 ) 3 ] Potassium tris(oxalato)germanate Ani ...
10.Make sure your answer is a reasonable one. 11.Don’t confuse the mass number (A) with the atomic number (Z). 12.When determini ...
Which of the following groups has the species correctly listed in order of increasing radius? (A) Mg^2 +, Ca^2 +, Ba^2 + (B) K ...
This element is present in chlorophyll. This element forms a protective oxide coating. This element is used to improve the ...
C—All the other elements are nonmetals. Nonmetals usually form monatomic anions. A—The element can not be a metal (Na) or a nob ...
Free-Response Questions Both authors have been AP free-response graders for years. Here are some free-response questions for p ...
univalent ions (+1 or −1). The higher the charge is, the greater the attraction between the ions is. The lattice energy increase ...
The IA family is known as the alkali metals; the IIAs are the alkaline earth metals; the VIIAs are the halogens; and the VIIIA ...
67 Reactions and Periodicity Reactions will always occur in the free-response section of the AP Exam. AP Exam Format Beginning ...
absorbing energy. If more energy is released than is needed to break the old bonds, then the reaction is said to be exothermic, ...
form ionic compounds. If the reaction that is producing the ionic compound is occurring in solution, you will be expected to wri ...
Writing the equation in the ionic form shows clearly which species are really reacting and which are not. In the example above, ...
Salts containing the following ions are normally insoluble: Most carbonates (CO 32 −) and phosphates (PO 43 −) are insoluble,e ...
placed in a solution containing the blue Cu^2 +cation. Very quickly a reddish solid forms on the surface of the zinc metal. That ...
with nonmetals to form ionic compounds, and the reaction of nonmetals with other nonmetals to form covalent compounds. In the fi ...
Elements on this activity series can displace ions of metals lowerthan themselves on the list. If, for example, one placed a pie ...
Halogen reactivity decreases as one goes from top to bottom in the periodic table, because of the decreasing electronegativity. ...
In reactions involving coordination compounds, the metal acts as the Lewis acid (electron-pair acceptor), while the ligand acts ...
Nitric, HNO 3 Chloric, HClO 3 Perchloric, HClO 4 Sulfuric, H 2 SO 4 The strong acids above are all compounds that ionize compl ...
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