Simple Nature - Light and Matter

where it is possible to apply the Euclidean definition. The spacelike relation between the points is both necessary and sufficie ...

terms agree. The intervalIis positive if AB is timelike (regardless of which event comes first), zero if lightlike, and negative ...

ad/Light-rectangles, example 11. The gray light-rectangle repre- sents the set of all events such as P that could be visited af ...

A numerical example of invariance example 12 Figure ae shows two frames of reference in motion relative to one another atv = 3/5 ...

af/Example 13. 7.2.7 ?Four-vectors and the inner product Example 10 makes it natural that we define a type of vector with four c ...

ag/Example 14. ah/The pattern of waves made by a point source moving to the right across the water. Note the shorter wavelength ...

ai/A graphical representa- tion of the Lorentz transformation for a velocity of (3/5)c. The long diagonal is stretched by a fact ...

self-check B Turn your book upside-down and reinterpret figure aj. .Answer, p. 1058 A symmetry property of the Doppler effect ex ...

7.3 Dynamics So far we have said nothing about how to predict motion in relativ- ity. Do Newton’s laws still work? Do conservati ...

a/An unequal collision, viewed in the center-of-mass frame, 1, and in the frame where the small ball is initially at rest, 2. Th ...

In this frame, as expected, the small ball flies off with a velocity, 1.6, that is almost twice the initial velocity of the big ...

c/Example 17. d/Two early high-precision tests of the relativistic equation p=mγvfor momentum. Graph- ingp/mrather thanpallows t ...

7.3.2 Equivalence of mass and energy Now we’re ready to see why mass and energy must be equivalent as claimed in the famousE=mc^ ...

f/A New York Times head- line from November 10, 1919, describing the observations discussed in example 18. to how much mass: the ...

You’ve learned about conservation of mass and conservation of energy, but now we see that they’re not even separate conservation ...

g/Top: A PET scanner. Middle: Each positron annihilates with an electron, producing two gamma- rays that fly off back-to-back. W ...

self-check D Verify that this equation has the two properties we wanted.. Answer, p. 1058 KE compared tomc^2 at low speeds examp ...

Results from Meyer et al., 1963 v Y 0.9870 1.0002(5) 0.9881 1.0012(5) 0.9900 0.9998(5) A high-precision test of this fundamental ...

would have hadp= 0 in this frame. But when we draw a zero vec- tor, we get a point, and a point remains a point regardless of ho ...

7.3.4 ?Proofs This optional section proves some results claimed earlier. Ultrarelativistic motion We start by considering the ca ...