MODERN COSMOLOGY
Introduction 187 By now we can firmly state that no matter what physics should lies beyond the SM, necessarily such new physics ...
188 Dark matter and particle physics sparticle are ‘canonical’ examples of the hot and cold DM, respectively. This choice does n ...
The SM of particle physics 189 Ta b l e 5. 1 .The fermionic spectrum of the SM. Generations Fermions I II III SU( 2 )L⊗U( 1 )Y E ...
190 Dark matter and particle physics LHf=− gener∑. b,c (λbcdQLbHDRc+λbcuQLbHU ̃ Rc+λebcELbHERc)+h.c. (5.3) where the parametersμ ...
The SM of particle physics 191 5.2.2 Fermion masses Fermions are spinors with respect to the Lorentz groupSU( 2 )⊗SU( 2 ).Weyl s ...
192 Dark matter and particle physics (i) lacking of the right component they cannot have a Dirac mass term; and (ii) belonging t ...
The dark matter problem: experimental evidence 193 Thelumdue to the contribution of the luminous matter (stars, emitting clouds ...
194 Dark matter and particle physics 5.4 Lepton number violation and neutrinos as HDM candidates Neutrinos are the first candida ...
Lepton number violation and neutrinos as HDM candidates 195 looking for missingνμinνμ→ντoscillations, MINOS (in US) and OPERA (w ...
196 Dark matter and particle physics of the electron-neutrino) requires an exceedingly small neutrino Yukawa coupling ofO( 10 −^ ...
Lepton number violation and neutrinos as HDM candidates 197 and H∼ T^2 MP (5.30) so that Tνd∼MP−^1 /^3 G−F^2 /^3 ∼1MeV, (5.31) w ...
198 Dark matter and particle physics wherenνis the number density of the relic neutrinos,M is the solar mass. Therefore the firs ...
Low-energy SUSY and DM 199 SUSY particle can never decay. This is the famous LSP (lightest SUSY particle) candidate for CDM. Not ...
200 Dark matter and particle physics If|μ|>M 1 ,M 2 thenχ ̃ 10 is mainly a gaugino and, in particular, a bino if M 1 >mZ,i ...
Low-energy SUSY and DM 201 parameters:mχ ̃ 0 1 and the temperature at whichχ ̃ 10 decouples(Tχd)which fixes the number of surviv ...
202 Dark matter and particle physics radiative breaking further reduces this number to four. Finally, in simple supergravity rea ...
Warm dark matter 203 decays, it turns out that only a few candidates survive as viable solutions. These schemes beyond pure CDM ...
204 Dark matter and particle physics As for the redshiftZNRat which gravitinos become non-relativistic, it corresponds to the ep ...
Dark energy,CDM and xCDM or QCDM 205 where 0 ≡ ∑ iρi/ρcr,i is the fraction of critical density due to the componenti,pi=wiρii ...
206 Dark matter and particle physics models provide a good fit of the observed universe even if they need further study and more ...
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