Statistical Methods for Psychology

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CHAPTER 6 Categorical Data and Chi-Square CHAPTER 6 Categorical Data and Chi-Square Objectives To present the chi-square test as ...

IN CHAPTER1 a distinction was drawn between measurement data (sometimes called quan- titative data) and categorical data (someti ...

Thus, is read “chi-square with three degrees of freedom.” Alternatively, some authors write it as .) Figure 6.1 shows the plots ...

is a widely used nursing practice rooted in mysticism but alleged to have a scientific basis. Practitioners of TT claim to treat ...

The statistic for these data using the observed and expected frequencies given in Table 6.1 follows. The Tabled Chi-Square Distr ...

As I suggested earlier, this result could raise a question about how we interpret a null hypothesis test. Whether we take the tr ...

Although our player should throw each symbol equally often, our data suggest that she is throwing Rock more often than would be ...

together the totals for the row and column in which the cell is located and dividing by the total sample size (N). (These totals ...

Degrees of Freedom Before we can compare our value of to the value in Appendix , we must know the de- grees of freedom. For the ...

If this proportion is less than a, we reject the null hypothesis that the two variables are in- dependent, and conclude that the ...

The calculation of chi-square for the data on sexual abuse follows. The contingency table was a 4 3 2 table, so it has (4–1) 3 ( ...

Value 95% Confidence Interval Lower Upper Odds Ratio for Fault (Little / Much) For cohort Guilt 5 Guilty For cohort Guilt 5 NotG ...

long as we are consistent.) In addition you need to specify that the column labeled Freq contains the cell frequencies. This is ...

example of just such a situation was provided in a query that I received from Jennifer Mahon at the University of Leicester, in ...

knowing another score. This kind of error is easy to make, but it is an error nevertheless. The best guard against it is to make ...

must be measured more than once. A good example was sent to me by Stacey Freedenthal at the University of Denver, though the dat ...

This is a chi-square on 1 dfand is significant because it exceeds the critical value of 3.84. There is reason to conclude that t ...

of the direction in which the totals will be ordered. I referred to this problem a few pages back when discussing a problem rais ...

As an illustration of the use of the likelihood ratio test for contingency tables, consider the data found in the death sentence ...