Infectious Diseases in Critical Care Medicine

14 Intra-abdominal Surgical Infections and Their Mimics in Critical Care Samuel E. Wilson Department of Surgery, University of C ...

eventually leading to multi-organ system failure. To this end, further scoring systems have been developed to determine the prob ...

patients (10,11). Nevertheless, the efficacy of this technique is real: Cinat et al. found this method to be 90% successful in p ...

Diagnosis A CDAD diagnosis is reached based on a number of clinical and laboratory findings such as low-grade fever, median leuk ...

upper quadrant pain, Murphy’s sign, nausea and vomiting, abdominal distention, decreased bowel sounds, fever, jaundice, and abdo ...

Treatment Following intravenous fluid resuscitation and antibiotic therapy to cover gut flora, laparotomy to lavage the abdomina ...

impaired opsonization and phagocytosis in these patients allows bacteria to colonize the ascitic fluid and generate an inflammat ...

Follow-up paracentesis is recommended after 48 hours of antibiotic therapy to assess response: a fall>25% in the number of as ...

laparoscopic surgery versus laparotomy for this indication (43). Percutaneous drainage has a low success rate of just 32% and is ...

DE NOVO COINCIDENTAL INTRA-ABDOMINAL INFECTION When presenting an overview on the topic of postoperative abdominal infection, it ...

Grassi R, Romano S, Pinto A, et al. Gastro-duodenal perforations: conventional plain film, US and CT findings in 166 consecutiv ...

15 Clostridium difficile Infection in Critical Care Karin I. Hjalmarson Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, ...

field gel electrophoresis type 1 (B1/NAP1) based on the different techniques of its identification. The new strain B1/NAP1 diffe ...

Antibiotic Exposure In healthy adults, the colon contains as many as 10 12 bacteria/g of feces, the majority of which are anaero ...

(21,24). However, even short courses of antimicrobials administered for prophylaxis can cause CDI (25). Parenteral and oral anti ...

its name) but can be grown on highly selective CCFA (cefoxitin, cycloserine, and fructose agar) media (19). The bacteria can exi ...

only 3% of healthy adults are colonized. Colonization increases to 20% to 30% of hospitalized adults (26), but clinical symptoms ...

examination reveals pseudomembranes in the colonic mucosa (see “Diagnosis”). PMC primarily affects the large bowel, although the ...

CT found that when combined with the clinical scenario all were diagnostic, showing ascites and colonic wall thickening or massi ...

culture result only indicates the presence of the organism, not the toxin production. Therefore, the test should be used as a re ...