Infectious Diseases in Critical Care Medicine

Table 3 Mimics of Meningitis (Continued) Meningeal mimics Differential features and diagnostic clues Fundi: choroidal tubercles ...

Table 4 Host–Pathogen Association in Meningitis Host Pathogen .Sinopulmonary function Streptococcus pneumoniae Haemophilus influ ...

The critical laboratory test in ABM is analysis of the CSF. In ABM, there is usually a pleocytosis of the CSF. In ABM, the cells ...

CSF Profile in Meningitis The evaluation of the CSF is the definitive diagnostic test in patients with ABM. Microscopic examinat ...

withL. monocytogenesmeningitis, for example, but the organism is virtually always culturable from the CSF. With ABM due to the m ...

The various causes of viral/aseptic meningitis are uniformly associated with a normal CSF glucose with a few important exception ...

The Diagnostic Significance of CSF Lactic Acid Levels in Meningitis In the diagnosis of ABM, the CSF lactic acid levels are seco ...

CSF lactic acid levels are also useful in assessing the significance of RBCs in the CSF in patients with a decreased CSF glucose ...

Radiologic Tests Neuroimaging tests are primarily valuable for ruling out the mimics of ABM. In ABM, head CT/MRI scans are of li ...

Table 12 Empiric Therapy of Acute Bacterial Meningitis (ABM) Subset Usual pathogens Preferred IV therapy Alternate IV therapy IV ...

The use of steroids as an adjunctive measure to treat ABM remains controversial. Steroids have long been used together with anti ...

Rodriguez SC, Olguin Am, Miralles CP, et al. Characteristics of meningitis caused by Ibuprofen: report of 2 cases with recurren ...

Girgis NI, Farid Z, Mikhail IA, et al. Dexamethasone treatment for bacterial meningitis in children and adults. Pediatr Infect ...

9 Encephalitis and Its Mimics in Critical Care John J. Halperin Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Atlantic Neuroscience Institute, ...

Finally, encephalitis refers to inflammation within the substance of the brain itself. This can lead to severe parenchymal CNS d ...

demonstrate extraordinarily bizarre behavior, they almost always retain orientation and memory. Testing these simple functions u ...

from Southeast Asia, Africa, and eastern Europe, and in the immunocompromised, particu- larly among patients with HIV infection. ...

and specificity. Culture, acid fast stain, and even polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–based testing for mycobacteria are available ...

children under eight years of age, in pregnant women, and in patients allergic to doxycycline, amoxicillin 500 mg three times da ...

Mycoplasma Pneumonia Most patients with mycoplasma pneumonia have prominent headaches (18); however actual CNS involvement, or e ...