The History of Mathematics: A Brief Course

102 4. WOMEN MATHEMATICIANS She wrote a study of this subject that was published in the first volume of the American Journal of ...

AMERICAN WOMEN 103 (1864-1943, a student of Max Noether at Erlangen) and Maximc Bocher (1867- 1918, a student of Felix Klein). ...

104 4. WOMEN MATHEMATICIANS 5. The situation today To bring the story of the progress of women in mathematics up to the present ...

QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS 105 in school. And nearly everyone, even a very bright student, finds mathematics difficult. Students nee ...

106 4. WOMEN MATHEMATICIANS 4.5. What were the advantages and disadvantages of marriage for a woman seeking an academic career b ...

QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS 107 Kovalevskaya did. A woman who did not do that would have no chance of being cited by Loria as an exam ...

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Part 2. Numbers The History of Mathematics: A Brief Course, Second Edition by Roger Cooke Copyright © 200 5 John Wiley & Son ...

Numbers are the first association in the minds of most people when they hear the word mathematics. The word arithmetic comes int ...

Chapter 5. Counting Counting could conceivably occur without number words. What is required is merely a matching of the objects ...

112 Ãé. COUNTING Ancient Greek and Sanskrit, as well as modern English and other European languages, share a great many root wor ...

BASES FOR COUNTING 113 of examples to show that in many languages the word for five also means hand, and that words for eight, ...

114 5. COUNTING Named powers of 10. The powers of 10 that have a name, such as hundred, thou- sand, and so on, vary from one soc ...

BASES FOR COUNTING 115 Most peculiar of all in the English system is the common land measure, the acre, which is an area of 43 ...

116 5. COUNTING Roman numerals (IV — 5 - 1). and we use subtraction to tell time in expressions such as ten minutes to four and ...

COUNTING AROUND THE WORLD 101 102 103 104 105 Powers of 10 from 10° to 10^6 in hieroglyphics. (^1 10 100) 1 1 2 it 3 (tt (^4) ...

118 5. COUNTING f. I ô FIGURE 1. The cuneiform number 45. the second century CE, used the sexagesimal notation with a circle to ...

COUNTING AROUND THE WORLD 119 _ = = * h U 7 S? Brahmi ι? 4 t Μ Indian (Gwalior) Sanskrlt-Devanagari (Indian) ß r* y Wast Arabi ...

120 5. COUNTING 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 á' â' V <5' å' ò' C V' 0' 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 é' X? Á' ì' í' î' ï' ôô' 9' 100 200 30 ...

COUNTING AROUND THE WORLD^121 0 1 2 ·· 3 · · 4 · · · 5 6 7 ·· 8 · · 9 · · · 10 11 12 ·· 13 · · 14 · · · ...