Concepts of Programming Languages

260 Chapter 6 Data Types will require an additional run-time calculation to determine the address of the memory location being r ...

6.5 Array Types 261 appears in its own brackets. A problem with using parentheses to enclose subscript expressions is that they ...

262 Chapter 6 Data Types One can reference an array element in Perl with a negative subscript, in which case the subscript value ...

6.5 Array Types 263 A heap-dynamic array is one in which the binding of subscript ranges and storage allocation is dynamic and c ...

264 Chapter 6 Data Types A Perl array can be made to grow by using the push ( puts one or more new elements on the end of the ar ...

6.5 Array Types 265 the compiler sets the length of the array. This is meant to be a convenience but is not without cost. It eff ...

266 Chapter 6 Data Types 6.5.5 Array Operations An array operation is one that operates on an array as a unit. The most com- mon ...

6.5 Array Types 267 APL includes a collection of unary operators for vectors and matrices, some of which are as follows (where V ...

268 Chapter 6 Data Types Fortran, Ada, C#, and F# support rectangular arrays. (C# and F# also support jagged arrays.) In these c ...

6.5 Array Types 269 list.slice(2, 2) returns [6, 8]. The third parameter form for slice is a range, which has the form of an int ...

270 Chapter 6 Data Types incorporated into the code that does the checking, thus eliminating the need for the run-time descripto ...

of an element is the base address of the structure plus the element size times the number of elements that precede it in the str ...

272 Chapter 6 Data Types location(a[i, j]) = address of a[row_lb, col_lb] (((row_lb n) + col_lb) element_size) (((i n) + j ...

6.6 Associative Arrays 273 a value, which is a scalar (number, string, or reference). Hashes can be set to literal values with t ...

interview Lua ROBERTO IERUSALIMSCHY Roberto Ierusalimschy is one of the creators of the scripting language Lua, which is used wi ...

Like the original LISP, Lua treated nil as false and everything else as true. The problem is that nil also represents an unitial ...

276 Chapter 6 Data Types hashed access to elements. An array can have elements that are created with simple numeric indices and ...

6.7 Record Types 277 objects that reside in scattered locations, often on the heap. The elements of a record are of potentially ...

278 Chapter 6 Data Types Ada uses a different syntax for records; rather than using the level numbers of COBOL, record structure ...

6.7 Record Types 279 C and C++ use this same syntax for referencing the members of their structures. References to elements in a ...