Facts on File Encyclopedia of Health and Medicine

treatment options appear slim. Different oncolo- gists may view the same person’s situation differ- ently based on their level o ...

marker. The cancers associated with elevated blood CEA levels are carcinomas of the COLONand RECTUM(COLORECTAL CANCER), PANCREAS ...

See alsoADENOMA; ADENOMA-TO-CARCINOMA TRAN- SITION; BLASTOMA; SARCOMA; SKIN CANCER. chemotherapy Treatment for cancer that uses ...

Antibiotic chemotherapy agents The anthracy- clines and the related DRUGbleomycin are antibi- otics that come from the FUNGUS St ...

tions in the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist family (dolasetron, granisetron, ondansetron, and palonosetron) are especially effective. ...

D diagnosing cancer The procedures and tests that determine whether cancer is present. The diagnos- tic journey often begins wit ...

diet and cancer 379 FOODS THAT SUPPLY CANCER-FIGHTING SUBSTANCES Cancer-Fighting Substance Cancer-Fighting Actions Food Sources ...

and preserved foods appear to increase the risk for cancer overall and particularly for cancers of the gastrointestinal tract. T ...

H hormone-driven cancers Types of cancer that thrive on or require hormones for their survival. In men, ANDROGENS(notably TESTOS ...

lifestyle and cancer Personal factors that may contribute to the prevention or the development of cancer. The most significant l ...

(CVD) and DIABETES. Health experts recommend that all homes be tested for radon levels, as base- ments and foundations can trap ...

M–O metastasis Cancer that spreads beyond its site of its origin. Metastasis may be local (extend outside the original tumor but ...

naling proteins, act as messengers within the cell. When proto-oncogenes mutate, their genetic instructions become garbled. The ...

P pain management in cancer The ability to improve comfort and provide relief from PAINand related symptoms that cancer and canc ...

associated with palliative radiation therapy. Pallia- tive surgery does entail recovery from the surgery, though this typically ...

R radiation therapy The use of ionizing electro- magnetic energy particles or waves to destroy can- cer cells. Radiation is the ...

of their cancer. In external beam radiation ther- apy, the source of radiation is outside the body, directed toward the tumor us ...

mild NAUSEA tiredness and fatigue Short-term side effects generally go away after the course of radiation therapy ends. Short- ...

S sarcoma Cancer that arises from connective tis- sue such as BONE, TENDON, CARTILAGE, fat, MUSCLE, and other soft tissues. Sarc ...

Specific symptoms of certain cancers that are worthy of a doctor’s assessment include prolonged COUGH, which may suggest laryng ...