The Complete Idiot''s Guide to Music Theory

2 Intervals In This Chapter ◆Changing pitches with sharps and flats ◆Understanding half steps and whole steps ◆Counting the inte ...

Par t 1:Tones These black keys are called sharpsand flats.Sharps and flats are halfway between the pitches represented by the wh ...

Chapter 2:Intervals Two half steps equal one whole step. The interval between F and G is a whole step; the interval between B an ...

Par t 1:Tones Degrees of the Scale Degree Name First (Root) Tonic Second Supertonic Third Mediant Fourth Subdominant Fifth Domin ...

Chapter 2:Intervals 21 Major and Minor Intervals When you describe intervals by degree, you still have to deal with those pitche ...

Par t 1:Tones Here are the three perfect intervals, with C as the root. 22 Three perfect intervals, starting on C. Augmented and ...

Chapter 2:Intervals Beyond the Octave You don’t have to stop counting intervals when you get to the octave. Above the octave are ...

Par t 1:Tones Half Steps Between Intervals (continued) Interval Number of Half Steps Minor seventh 10 Major seventh 11 Octave 12 ...

Chapter 2:Intervals And take special note of those intervals that are enharmonically identical—such as the augmented fourth and ...

Par t 1:Tones Exercise 2-4 Enter a new note a specified number of half steps from the previous note. 26 Exercise 2-5 Name each o ...

3 Scales In This Chapter ◆Putting eight notes together to form a scale ◆Creating major and minor scales ◆Discovering the differe ...

Par t 1:Tones For example, every C scale starts on C and ends on C; an F scale starts on F and ends on F; and they all have six ...

Chapter 3:Scales The Intervals of the Major Scale Note Half Steps to Next Note Tonic 2 Second 2 Third 1 Fourth 2 Fifth 2 Sixth 2 ...

Par t 1:Tones The 15 Major Scales (continued) Scale Notes F Major F-sharp Major G-flat Major G Major A-flat Major A Major B-flat ...

Chapter 3:Scales 31 Minor Scales Minor scales sound a little less “up” than major scales. This is partly because the third note ...

32 Par t 1:Tones Relative Major and Minor Scales (continued) Major Scale Related Natural Minor Scale F Major D minor F-sharp Maj ...

Chapter 3:Scales Scale Notes D minor D-sharp minor E-flat minor E minor F minor F-sharp minor G minor G-sharp minor A-flat minor ...

Par t 1:Tones Harmonic Minor The harmonic minor scale is similar to the natural minor scale, except the sev- enth note is raised ...

Chapter 3:Scales Scale Notes E minor F minor F-sharp minor G minor G-sharp minor A-flat minor A minor A-sharp minor B-flat minor ...

Par t 1:Tones melodic minorscale raises both the sixth and seventh notes of the natural minor scale by a half step each, resulti ...