HUMAN BIOLOGY

What are the bodily roles of thyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone? Thyroid hormone (TH) influences the basal metabolic rate, ...

296 Chapter 15 adrenal cortex Outer por- tion of an adrenal gland. adrenal medulla Inner por- tion of an adrenal gland. glucocor ...

the endOCrIne system 297 What do adrenal gland hormones do? The adrenal cortex produces glucocorticoids such as cortisol and mi ...

hoW do endocrine cells in pancreatic islets regulate blood sugar? Alpha cells secrete glucagon when the blood level of glucose ...

Too little insulin can lead to diabetes mellitus. Because target cells can’t take up glucose from blood, glucose builds up in th ...

300 Chapter 15 biological clock Internal mechanism by which the body may monitor day length. gonads Primary sex organs—testes in ...

Reproductive system The hypothalamus regulates the release of sex hormones that govern the development and functioning of ovarie ...

expLoreon your own This Student Stress Scale lists a variety of life events that cause stress for young adults. The score for ea ...

sections 15.5, 15.6 Growth hor- mone (GH) influences growth throughout the body, but effects are most obvious in bones and skele ...

304 Chapter 15 Diabetics must constantly monitor their blood sugar and carefully track their activity levels and food intake. Fo ...

This chapter builds on your knowledge of hormones, includ- ing the sex hormones estrogen and testosterone (15.1, 15.2). You will ...

cervix Lower part of the uterus. endometrium The uterus lining. estrogens Female sex hormones that influence the development of ...

reprodUCtIVe systeMs 307 hoW do a female’s ovaries function in reproduction? The ovaries are primary reproductive organs that p ...

308 Chapter 16 The Ovarian Cycle: Oocytes Develop FSH and LH stimulate cells outside the zona pellu cida to make estrogens, so e ...

reprodUCtIVe systeMs 309 corpus luteum breaks down Progesterone A FSH and LH levels in blood B Follicle changes in an ovary C Es ...

310 Chapter 16 the Male reproductive system n A male’s testes produce sperm and hormones that govern male reproductive functions ...

reprodUCtIVe systeMs 311 bulbourethral glands Glands of the male repro- ductive system that produce mucus. epididymis Duct where ...

312 Chapter 16 how sperm Form Sperm form in seminiferous tubules Packed inside each of a male’s testes are 125 meters—over 400 f ...

reprodUCtIVe systeMs 313 hoW do sperm arise? Germ cells in seminiferous tubules of the testes give rise to sperm. Testosterone, ...

314 Chapter 16 What kinds of physiological changes occur during sexual intercourse? Sexual intercourse, or coitus, typically in ...