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306 12 Building Bioinformatics Ontologies Alternatively, if one is using OWL, then theeventTypeproperty is defined in the ontolo ...

12.7 Designing the Properties 307 compelling as the others mentioned above. If there is some good reason for not using subclasse ...

308 12 Building Bioinformatics Ontologies set of nonnegative numbers as its domain and range. However, ontological properties di ...

12.7 Designing the Properties 309 In RDF, the domain and range of a property are specified using domain and range statements. Fo ...

310 12 Building Bioinformatics Ontologies Note that this does not require that admissions be authorized. It only states that whe ...

12.7 Designing the Properties 311 defined on a general domain, but which do not apply for some subsets. One cannot specify this ...

312 12 Building Bioinformatics Ontologies </owl:Restriction> <rdfs:subClassOf> </owl:Class> This constraint re ...

12.8 Validating and Modifying the Ontology 313 >1</owl:minCardinality> </owl:Restriction> <rdfs:subClassOf> ...

314 12 Building Bioinformatics Ontologies Check that the formal ontology is consistent. The fulfillment of the purpose is veri ...

12.8 Validating and Modifying the Ontology 315 Dynamics.Can a property value change? This tests whether the property is intrins ...

316 12 Building Bioinformatics Ontologies benign and are unlikely to have much effect on programs. Adding new at- tributes and r ...

12.8 Validating and Modifying the Ontology 317 Figure 12.3 Medical chart ontology evolution. The temperature property is now con ...

318 12 Building Bioinformatics Ontologies any additions or modifications to the ontology. Summary Ontology validation consists ...

PART III Reasoning with Uncertainty ...

320 The formal ontologies and languages developed in the first two parts of the book are based on deductive reasoning and determ ...

13 Inductive vs. Deductive Reasoning Deductive reasoning, also known more briefly as “logic,” is the process for which facts can ...

322 13 Inductive vs. Deductive Reasoning ology are becoming too complex for informal descriptions of the context in which reason ...

13.1 Sources and Semantics of Uncertainty 323 perception of the world. To address these issues, one must not only ac- cept that ...

324 13 Inductive vs. Deductive Reasoning 13.2 Extensional Approaches to Uncertainty One theory of uncertainty that has achieved ...

13.3 Intensional Approaches to Uncertainty 325 diagnosis. Like fuzzy logic, MYCIN propagates uncertainty using rules, each of wh ...