Evidence-Based Practice for Nurses

Apply What You Have Learned You’ve come a long way in your understanding of how studies are designed and evidence is reported. R ...

REFERENCES Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (n.d.). Quality and patient safety. Retrieved from http://www.ahrq.gov/qu ...

CHAPTER OBJECTIVES KEY TERMS At the end of this chapter, you will be able to: ‹ Define epidemiology ‹ Describe the use of epidem ...

At the end of this section, you will be able to: ‹ Define epidemiology ‹ Describe the use of epidemiology in nursing practice Ep ...

Epidemiologic principles provide the foundation for public health and are useful for supporting evidence-based practice. Princip ...

8.2 Infectious Diseases and Outbreak Investigations By the end of this section, you will be able to: ‹ Discuss infectious diseas ...

Detect a possible outbreak. Find cases in an outbreak. Generate hypotheses through interviews. Test hypotheses through analytic ...

8.3 Measures of Disease Frequency At the end of this section, you will be able to: ‹ Describe count data, ratios, proportions, a ...

The proportion of autism spectrum disorder in this population of children is 12.66 per 1,000 children. A rate is a measure of di ...

a month, a year, or a number of years. For example, nurses at a campus health center may calculate the period prevalence of flu ...

The purpose of descriptive epidemiology is to identify subgroups in populations that may have the highest risk for a specific di ...

depending on race. For example, Hispanic females have a life expectancy of 83.7 years compared to non-Hispanic white females who ...

Secular » Trends over years Cyclical » Seasonal trends Short-term changes » Epidemics BOX 8-2 Examples of Descriptive Characteri ...

Percent positive Influenza positive tests reported to CDC by U.S. clinical laboratories, national summary, 2016–2017 season Week ...

reported in the workplace among adult males. In 2012, the number of rubella cases sharply increased to 2,392, with the rise in c ...

Case Reports or Series Case reports or series are used to describe rare diseases or outcomes. The purpose of these studies is ge ...

codes, and even schools. For example, epidemiologists can use this type of design to make comparisons about disease frequency or ...

of exposure and disease; therefore, the measure of association for cross-sectional studies is the prevalence ratio (PR). The PR ...

risk. People who exercised more than three times per week were 62% (1 − 0.38 = 0.62 × 100 = 62%) less likely to have HTN as comp ...

Case-Control Studies Case-control studies are designed to sample a group of people with and a group of people without the diseas ...