Stetler model, 426, 428, 428f, 430
stopwords, 114
storytelling, 272, 275
strategic sampling, 242
stratified random sampling, 291t, 293
Street, Annette, 241
STTI. See Sigma Theta Tau International
students, assisting, as professional responsibility, 459
studies, in pyramid of evidence, 310–313, 312b
study validity, defined, 155
subjects
headings, defined, 109
reactivity, 159
recruitment and retention, 301
searching, defined, 115
selection, as IRB area of concern, 60t
of study, defined, 285, 286
summaries, in pyramid of evidence, 309, 310f, 319
survey design, defined, 182
symbols
electronic databases, basic searches of, 112–113
inferential statistics, 364t
synopses, in pyramid of evidence, 309, 310f, 319
syntheses, in pyramid of evidence, 309–310, 310f,
313–314, 313–319
systematic error, 264
systematic random sampling, 291t, 294
systematic reviews, 310f, 411
defined, 71
reviews, types of, 99–100
steps in, 316–318
systems, in pyramid of evidence, 309, 310f, 319
T
t statistic, 366
tailedness, as measure of variability, 348–351,
348 f, 349f
target population
defined, 286
sample and population, relationship between, 296f
team leadership skills, developing, 460–461
team membership, 475–476
temporal ambiguity, defined, 206
test-retest reliability, 268, 269
testing, for internal validity, 157
Texas Department of Health, 207
The Joint Commission, 475t
themes, generated from data, 381–382
theoretical framework
research articles, component of, 121
research, special language of, 135–137
theoretical sampling, 296t, 298
theory
deductive research, 135
defined, 7, 132
inductive research, 137
practice, using in, 137–138
research, and practice, linking
chapter objectives and key terms, 130
ethics, 141–143
learning, applying, 144
rapid review, 143–144
relationship between, 139–140, 139f
research using mixed methods, 138
special language of, 132–133
testing, importance of, 133–135
therapeutic imperative, defined, 63
time, categorizing designs according to
cross-sectional designs, 162–163
longitudinal designs, 163–166
retrospective design, 162
time, descriptive characteristics by, 198–199
time frames
manuscripts, responses to, 508
quantitative data collection, 260
time series designs, 179
trade literature, as evidence type, 99
trade publications, as evidence type, 99
trade-offs in qualitative research, ethics of, 397t
tradition, as basis for information, 6
traditional literature review, in pyramid of evidence, 316
transferability
defined, 392
qualitative research, evaluation of, 228–229
trustworthiness, establishing, 393t, 394
transitional discharge model for mental health, 137
translation/application phase of Stetler model,
428 f–429f
translational research
for quantitative designs, 186–187
research model, described, 47, 48f, 49–50
trend studies, 164
trial and error, as source of evidence, 6–7
triangulation, 393t, 394
true experimental designs
crossover designs, 165, 176
factorial designs, 175–176
multiple experimental groups designs, 175550 INDEX