Brown Jay. See Cyanocorax morio
bryophytes, 60, 78-79, 321, 332
decay rate for, 334
epiphyllous, 80
nutrient retention by, 328
Buen Amigo project, 390
buffer zones, 430
Bufo periglenes (Golden Toad), 11,
149, 150f, 151-153, 157, 161,
170, 171-172, 357,425
declines in, 172-173
oviposition and parental care, 164
bumblebees, 127
Burmanniaceae, 59
burning, 325, 328, 399, 411-412
Buskirk, William, 179
buttresses, 48
butterflies, 118-122, 120-121
biodiversity of, 423
effect of wind on, 438
migration of, 118-119
pollination by, 248
caching, 257
Cactaceae, 50
caddisflies, 97-98
as indicator species, 429
caecilians, 163, 168
calcium, 321, 324, 326, 342
extractable in soil, 305
calling rate, 189
Campbell, John, 357-358, 369, 390t,
393
Canadian International Development
Agency, 353
Canis lantrans (Coyote), 233
Canivet's Emerald. See Chlorostilbon
caniveti
cannibalism, by tadpoles, 164, 173
canopy
ants in, 135
habitats, 345
height, 41, 44, 45, 305
nutrient retention by, 325-326
organic matter in, 322
retention of inorganic nitrogen,
328
roots, 339-341
spiders in, 140
canyons, 44
carbon, 322, 335
content of soils, 35t
transfer of, 329
Caribbean continental plate, 20
Carlson, Bob, 169
carnivores, 430
Carollica perspicillata, 258
Casuarina equisetifolia (casuarina),
366
caterpillars, 118, 277
Catharus frantzii (Ruddy-capped
Nightingale-Thrush), 425
cation exchange capacity, of soils, 28
cats, 358
domestic, as predators of birds,
197Cattle Egret. See Egretta caerulea
Cavendishia, 267
cavity nesting, 191
and predation, 196
species, 192t
Cebus capucinus (White- faced
Capuchin), 233, 236
Cecropia, 291, 292f, 307
mortality, 319
Central American Bank for Economic
Integration, 363
Centro de Educacion Creativa, 371
Centropogon solanifolius, 278-279
Cephalopterus glabricollis (Bare-
necked Umbrellabird), 358,
367, 430
Cerambycidae, 114
Cercopidae, 409-410
Cercopoidae, 101
host plants of, 531
chachalacas, 232
charral, 47
cheese production, 391, 393. See also
dairy production
chemical defense, 121-122
chemical prospecting, 431
Chepe Rojas farm, 42
Cherrie's Pocket Gopher. See
Orthogeomys cherriei
Chico Friends in Unity with Nature,
364
children, publications for, 372
Children's Eternal Forest, 170, 203,
351, 361-367, 374
origins and development, 362-364
Children's International Rainforest,
203
Children's Rainforest U.S., 363-364
Children's Tropical Forests U.K.,
364
Chiriqui Harvest Mouse. See
Reithrodontomys creper
chironomids, 96, 446
Chiroptera, 225
Chiroxiphia linearis (Long-tailed
Manakin), 180f
age at breeding, 196
diet breadth, 260
foraging behavior, 187
male cooperation, 189, 204-205
vocalizations of, 215-126
Chlorophonia, seed dispersal by,
289
Chlorospingus ophthalmicus
(Common Bush- Tanager), 188,
204, 205
Chlorostilbon canivetii (Cani vet's
Emerald)
digestive physiology, 188
and guilds, 199
Chortis block, 20
Chrysomelidae, 117-119, 423-424
cicadas (Cicadidae), 100, 101
Cicadellidae, 102-103
cj's-l,9,16-heptadecatrien-4,6-diyn-
3,8- diol, 452clays, 27
cleptoparasitism, 125, 126
cliff edge effect, 130
climate, 15-20
and breeding cycles of amphibians
and reptiles, 166
and distribution of hymenopterans,
127
climate change, 162-163, 168, 421,
422,428
and amphibian declines, 161-162,
169
climbers, 53—54
clonal reproduction. See asexual
reproduction
cloud
formation, 20
immersion, 19
seasonality of cover, 16
water, 17-20, 29, 324
chemistry, 325, 326
pollutants in, 161
Cloud Forest Anole. See Norops
tropidolepsis
cloud forests, 95
comparison of different, 68
leeward, 313-320
vegetation of, 41
windward, 304-313
Clusia, 305, 312, 452
clutch size, in birds, 191-192, 193t
coatis, 233
Cocos plate, 20, 21
coevolution, of plants and animals,
259, 266
coffee
pests of, 117, 402
production, 42, 407
agroecology of, 401-402
history and development, 400-
401
organic, 402-403
sustainability of, 402, 406
varieties of, 402
as a weed, 62
cognitive ability, in birds, 205
cold fronts, 20
Coleoptera. See beetles
Collared Peccary. See Pecari tajacu
colonization, 256, 290, 422. See also
recolonization
and fruiting phenology, 283-286
of gaps, 310, 312
and seed dispersal, 264-265
colony founding, in eusocial wasps,
129
color
of birds, 181
of hymenopterans, 126
of Ithomiinae, 121
of wasps, 131
colostrum, as a fertilizer, 403
Colpachi. See Croton niveus
Comite de Artesanias Santa Elena-
Monteverde, 383-384
Commelinaceae, 51563 Index