A36 Endnotes3 7. Gary Cox, Making Votes Count: Strategic Coordination in
the World’s Electoral Systems (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge
University Press, 1997).
3 8. Peter Hanson, Too Weak to Govern: Majority Party Power
and Appropriations in the U.S. Senate (New York: Cambridge
University Press, 2015).
3 9. Thomas B. Edsall, “GOP Gains Advantage on Key Issues, Polls
Say,” Washington Post, January 27, 2002, p. A 4.Take a Stand
a. Nelson Polsby, Consequences of Party Reform (New York:
Oxford University Press, 1983).
b. Daniel A. Smith and Caroline J. Tolbert, Educated by Initiative:
The Effects of Direct Democracy on Citizens and Political
Organizations in the American States (Ann Arbor: University of
Michigan Press, 2004).Chapter 9
1. Morris P. Fiorina, Retrospective Voting in American National
Elections (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1981); V. O.
Key, The Responsible Electorate (New York: Vintage Books,
1966).
2. David Mayhew, Congress: The Electoral Connection (New
Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1973).
3. For details on early voting, see the Early Voting Information
Center site at http://earlyvoting.net/resources/ (accessed
5/9/1 8).
4. Barry C. Burden, David T. Canon, Kenneth R. Meyer, and
Donald P. Moynihan, “Election Laws, Mobilization, and
Turnout: The Unexpected Consequences of Early Voting,”
American Journal of Political Science 58 (2014): 95–109.
5. United States Government Accountability Office, “Issues
Related to State Voter Identification Laws,” 2014, http://www.gao.
gov/assets/670/665966.pdf (accessed 3/4/16).
6. Minor-party candidates are typically selected during party
conventions.
7. Barbara Norrander, “Presidential Nomination Politics in
the Post-reform Era,” Political Research Quarterly 49 (1996):
875– 90.
8. Larry Bartels, Presidential Primaries and the Dynamics of Public
Choice (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1988).
9. William G. Mayer, “Forecasting Presidential Nominations or,
My Model Worked Just Fine, Thank You,” Political Science and
Politics 36 (2003): 153–59.
1 0. Marty Cohen, David Karol, Hans Noel, and John Zaller,
“Beating Reform: The Resurgence of Parties in Presidential
Nominations, 1980 to 2000” (paper presented at the 2001
American Political Science Association Annual Meeting, San
Francisco, CA).
1 1. Richard Herrera, “Are ‘Superdelegates’ Super?,” Political
Behavior 16 (1994): 79–93.
1 2. FairVote, “Maine and Nebraska,” http://www.fairvote.org/maine_
nebraska (accessed 5/9/18).
1 3. Robert Bennett, “The Problem of the Faithless Elector,”
Northwestern University Law Review 100 (2004): 121–30.
1 4. James Q. Wilson, “Is the Electoral College Worth Saving?,”
Slate, November 3, 2000, http://www.slate.com/id/92663 (accessed
10/19/12).1 5. Robert Erikson and Christopher Wlezien, The Timeline
of Presidential Elections (Chicago: University of Chicago
Press, 2013).
1 6. Larry M. Bartels and Christopher H. Achen, Democracy for
Realists: Why Elections Do Not Produce Responsive Government
(Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2016).
1 7. Linda Fowler and Robert McClure, Political Ambition: Who
Decides to Run for Congress (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan
Press, 1989).
1 8. Robin Kolodny, Pursuing Majorities: Congressional Campaign
Committees in American Politics (Norman: University of
Oklahoma Press, 1999).
1 9. Steven Ansolabehere and Alan Gerber, “Incumbency
Advantage and the Persistence of Legislative Majorities,”
Legislative Studies Quarterly 22 (1997): 161–80.
2 0. For a discussion of Johnson’s decision, see Robert A. Caro, The
Path to Power (New York: Knopf, 1983).
2 1. Thomas Mann and Norman Ornstein, The Permanent
Campaign and Its Future (Washington, DC: American
Enterprise Institute, 2000).- Mayhew, Congress: The Electoral Connection.
2 3. Henry Chappell and William Keech, “A New Model of Political
Accountability for Economic Performance,” American Political
Science Review 79 (1985): 10 –19.
2 4. Jonathan Krasno and Donald P. Green, “The Dynamics of
Campaign Fundraising in House Elections,” Journal of Politics
56 (1991): 459–74.
2 5. Michael J. Goff, The Money Primary: The New Politics of the
Early Presidential Nomination Process (New York: Rowman &
Littlefield, 2007).
2 6. Michael Babaro, “Candidates Stick to Script, If Not the Truth, in
the 2016 Race,” New York Times, November 7, 2015, p. A1.
2 7. Chris Cillizza, “Consulting Firms Face Conflict in 2008,” Roll
Call, June 20, 2005, p. 1.
2 8. For details, see the House Ethics Committee guidelines at
https://ethics.house.gov/campaign-activity/campaign-work-
house-employees (accessed 5/9/18). - Cherie Maestas, Walter Stone, and L. Sandy Maisel, “Quality
Counts: Extending the Strategic Politician Model of Incumbent
Deterrence,” American Journal of Political Science 48 (2004):
479 – 90.
3 0. Matt Bai, “Turnout Wins Elections,” New York Times Magazine,
December 14, 2003, p. 100.
3 1. Christopher Drew, “New Telemarketing Ploy Steers Voters on
Republican Path,” New York Times, November 6, 2006.
3 2. The Centre for Responsive Politics, opensecrets.org
(accessed 10/30/1 8).
3 3. For a history of presidential debates, see the Commission
on Presidential Debates site at http://www.debates.org (accessed
10/19/12).
3 4. For a video library of presidential campaign ads, see Museum
of the Moving Image, “The Living Room Candidate:
Presidential Campaign Commercials 1952–2012,” http://
livingroomcandidate.org (accessed 10/19/12).
3 5. Museum of the Moving Image, “The Living Room
Candidate: 1964: Johnson vs. Goldwater,” http://
livingroomcandidate.org/commercials/1964/dowager
(accessed 10/19/12).
3 6. Museum of the Moving Image, “The Living Room Candidate:
1964: Johnson vs. Goldwater.”
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