ACKNOWLEDGMENTSACKNOWLEDGMENTS 359
fcr). 101 Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (cl, bc). Getty Images: Print Collector (br). 102-103
Alamy Stock Photo: Susana Guzman. 104 Alamy Stock Photo: The Natural History Museum (bl); Universal
Images Group North America LLC / DeAgostini (c); Valery (cr). 105 Alamy Stock Photo: PjrStudio (cr). 106 Dorling
Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (bc). Getty Images: Universal History Archive (bl). 107 Dorling
Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (bc); Ruth Jenkinson (cl, br/pendant, r). 108 Alamy Stock
Photo: Heritage Image Partnership Ltd. 109 Alamy Stock Photo: SilverScreen (crb); Lilyana Vynogradova
(ca). Nordiska Museet: Mats Landin (tl, bl). 110 Dorling Kindersley: Holts (br, tl, cl, bc, cr); Tim Parmenter /
Natural History Museum, London (bl). 111 Dorling Kindersley: Holts (tc, tl). Fellows Auctioneers. Tadema
Gallery. 112 akg-images. 113 Corbis:Underwood & Underwood (br). RMN: Gérard Blot (cr); Jean-Gilles Berizzi
(bl). 114 Bridgeman Images: Natural History Museum, London, UK (G). Dorling Kindersley: Natural History
Museum, London (F); Holts (H); Holts (C); Holts (E, D, K). Dreamstime.com: Nastya81 (A). 115 Alamy Stock
Photo: Jon Helgason (B). Bridgeman Images: Natural History Museum, London, UK (N). Dorling
Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (H, I, L); Natural History Museum, London (E); Holts (M); Holts (C, tr/D,
K, A, F). Getty Images: t_kimura (G). 116 Alamy Stock Photo: SPUTNIK (bl); Universal Images Group North
America LLC / DeAgostini (tl, br). Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (cl); Natural History
Museum, London (cr). 117 Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (cr); Natural History Museum,
London (br). 118 Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (cr, fbl, bl, br); Holts (fbr). 119 Alamy Stock
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Photo Library: Larry Berman (bl). 121 Alamy Stock Photo: Karol Kozlowski (cr); rep0rter (cl); Universal Images
Group North America LLC / DeAgostini (fcr); PjrStudio (br). Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London
(bl). 122 Alamy Stock Photo: geoz (cl, fcl); Andrew Holt (bl). Bonhams Auctioneers, London. Corbis. Dorling
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Anthropology (bc). 123 Alamy Stock Photo: Fabrizius Troy (br). Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum,
London (tl); Ruth Jenkinson (bc).124-125 Bridgeman Images: Lukas - Art in Flanders VZW / Photo: Hugo
Maertens. 126 Alamy Stock Photo: John Cancalosi (cl); RF Company (tl); Corbin17 (bc). Corbis: (bl); Visuals
Unlimited (cr).Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (br). 127 1stdibs, Inc. Alamy Stock
Photo: Oleksiy Maksymenko (cr); Steve Sant (cl). Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (fcl,
fcr). 128 Bridgeman Images: Walker Art Gallery, National Museums Liverpool. 129 Bridgeman Images: Victoria
& Albert Museum, London, UK / The Stapleton Collection (bl); Walker Art Gallery, National Museums Liverpool
(tl). Corbis: Heritage Images (crb). Van Cleef & Arpels. 130 123RF.com: Michał Barański (ca); Laurent Renault
(c). Bridgeman Images: Christie’s Images (tl). Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (br); Holts (fcl,
clb); Holts (bl). 130-131 Dorling Kindersley: Ruth Jenkinson (cb). 131 123RF.com: Dipressionist (ftl). Bridgeman
Images: Natural History Museum, London, UK (tr). Dorling Kindersley: Holts (ftr, cr); Natural History Museum,
London (cb). 133 Bridgeman Images: Purchase from the J. H. Wade Fund (bl). © Cartier. V&A Images /
Victoria and Albert Museum, London. 134 Bridgeman Images: Natural History Museum, London, UK
(bl). Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (cr); Holts (tl, tc). 135 Dorling Kindersley:Natural
History Museum, London (c, fbl, bl); Holts (cr, br, fbr). Science Photo Library: Mark A. Schneider (tc). 136 Dorling
Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (ftl, tr, ftr, c); Holts (bl). Science Photo Library: Natural History
Museum, London (br). 137 Alamy Stock Photo: Universal Images Group North America LLC / DeAgostini
(cr). Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (tc, cl, fbr); Holts (tl, c, fbl, bl, br). 138 Bridgeman
Images: Heini Schneebeli (tr). Fellows Auctioneers: (br). Tadema Gallery: (cr). 139 Bridgeman Images: Boltin
Picture Library (br). Dorling Kindersley:Natural History Museum, London (bl); Holts (cr); Judith Miller / Private
Collection (bc). Fellows Auctioneers: (tl, cl, c). 140 Photo Scala, Florence: bpk, Bildagentur fuer Kunst, Kultur
und Geschichte, Berlin. 141 akg-images: (cr); Erich Lessing (tl). Alamy Stock Photo: Prisma Bildagentur AG
(bl). Photo Scala, Florence: bpk, Bildagentur fuer Kunst, Kultur und Geschichte, Berlin (cl). 142 Dorling
Kindersley: Holts (bl, fcr, fbl); Natural History Museum, London (fbr). RMN: Droits réservés (cl). Science Photo
Library: Natural History Museum, London (br, clb). 142-143 Dorling Kindersley: Harry Taylor (t). 143 Alamy
Stock Photo: Mykola Davydenko (br). Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (ca); Ruth Jenkinson
(tr); Harry Taylor (cr). Dreamstime.com: Ismael Tato Rodriguez (cb). 144 Bayerische Schlösserverwaltung: Maria
Scherf / Rainer Herrmann, München. 145 Getty Images: DEA / A. DeGregorio (cr); Imagno (tl); Heritage Images (cl);
Print Collector (bl). 146 Bonhams Auctioneers, London. 147 Alamy Stock Photo: The Art Archive (bl); World
History Archive (bc). 148 Alamy Stock Photo: bilwissedition Ltd. & Co. KG (bl); Universal Images Group North
America LLC / DeAgostini (br). Bonhams Auctioneers, London: (cr). Dorling Kindersley: Holts (bc); Natural
History Museum, London / Tim Parmenter (cl). 149 1stdibs, Inc. Bonhams Auctioneers, London. Dorling
Kindersley: Holts (tl, ftl). 150 V&A Images / Victoria and Albert Museum, London: (tl, tc, tr). 151 Bridgeman
Images: (crb); Look and Learn (bc). V&A Images / Victoria and Albert Museum, London. 152 Dorling
Kindersley: Holts (bl, c, br). 153 Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (fcl, cl, fbr); University
of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology (ftl); Oxford University Museum of Natural History (tl);
Holts (tr, cr). Fellows Auctioneers. 154 Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (tl, cl, c, br);
Holts (cr, fbr). 155 © Cartier. Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (bl, fcr); Holts (bc). Fellows
Auctioneers. 156-157 Bridgeman Images. 158 © Cartier. 159 Bridgeman Images: (bl); Christie’s Images
(bc). Gemological Institute of America Reprinted by Permission: Thomas Cenki (tl). 160 Alamy Stock
Photo: Zoonar GmbH (ftr). Bonhams Auctioneers, London. Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum,
London (ftl); Holts (tl, tr, fbr). 161 1stdibs, Inc. © Cartier. Fellows Auctioneers. Tadema Gallery. Van
Cleef & Arpels. 162 Bonhams Auctioneers, London. 163 Alamy Stock Photo: AF Fotografie (cr). Gayle
Beveridge: (bl). Bonhams Auctioneers, London. 164 Dorling Kindersley: Colin Keates / Natural History
Museum, London (fbl); Tim Parmenter / Natural History Museum, London (tl, fcl); Holts (cr, fcr, br, fbr). Gemological
Institute of America Reprinted by Permission. 165 © Cartier. Dorling Kindersley: Holts (tl). Fellows
Auctioneers. Tadema Gallery. 166 Corbis: Marc Dozier (cla). Dorling Kindersley: Holts (clb); Holts (br). SciencePhoto Library: (bc). 167 Alamy Stock Photo: John Cancalosi (br). Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum,
London (bl). Gemological Institute of America Reprinted by Permission: Jeff Scovil (ca). Science Photo
Library. 168 Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (fcl); Ruth Jenkinson (bl). 169 Dorling
Kindersley: Holts (cl, bc); Ruth Jenkinson (cr). 170 Alamy Stock Photo: The Natural History Museum (bc). Dorling
Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (cl, br, fcr); Holts (cr/Cabochon). 171 Dorling Kindersley: Natural
History Museum, London (tl, bl, bc). 172 Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (bl, br). 173 Alamy
Stock Photo: Susan E. Degginger (fbl); Siim Sepp (cl). Getty Images: Ron Evans (cr). iRocks.com/Rob Lavinsky
Photos: (fcr). 174 David Webb. 175 Bridgeman Images: Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford, UK (bc);
Egyptian National Museum, Cairo, Egypt (bl). © Cartier. Dorling Kindersley: Holts (tl). 176 Alamy Stock
Photo: The Art Archive (fbr); Interfoto (fcr). Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (cl, cr/Cabochon);
Holts (tl, tc, tr, fcl). Science Photo Library: Joel Arem (br). 177 1stdibs, Inc. Bulgari. Fellows Auctioneers.
Getty Images: DEA / A. Dagli Orti (tr); Mark Moffet / Minden Pictures (cl).178 Bridgeman Images: Boltin Picture
Library (cl). Dorling Kindersley. Getty Images: DEA / S. Vannini (br). 179 Bridgeman Images. The Trustees of
the British Museum. Dorling Kindersley:Durham University Oriental Museum (fcr); University of Pennsylvania
Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology (crb); University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and
Anthropology (cr). 180 Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (bl); The Science Museum, London
(fcr); Ruth Jenkinson (fcl, br); Natural History Museum, London / Tim Parmenter (tl). 181 Bonhams Auctioneers,
London. Bridgeman Images: De Agostini Picture Library (bc). Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum,
London (tl, fcl). iRocks.com/Rob Lavinsky Photos. 182 Bridgeman Images: Louvre-Lens, France. 183
Alamy Stock Photo: Everett Collection Historical (cla). Bridgeman Images: Christie’s Images (tl); Tallandier
(crb). TopFoto.co.uk: Woodmansterne (bl). 184 Bonhams Auctioneers, London. Dorling Kindersley: Natural
History Museum, London (fcr, bl). Gemological Institute of America Reprinted by Permission: Robert Weldon
(fbl). Science Photo Library: Science Stock Photography (cr). 185 Alamy Stock Photo: Lanmas (br); Universal
Images Group North America LLC / DeAgostini (cl). Gemological Institute of America Reprinted by Permission.
iRocks.com/Rob Lavinsky Photos. 186 Science Photo Library: Mark a. Schneider (tc); Natural History
Museum, London (cl). 187 Science Photo Library: Mark a. Schneider (cr). 188-189 Bridgeman Images: Werner
Forman Archive. 190 Corbis: Scientifica (tl). Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (fbl, cr, fbr); The
University of Aberdeen (fcr); Ruth Jenkinson (bl).191 Corbis: Scientifica (cl). Dorling Kindersley: Durham University
Oriental Museum (tl); Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology (cr, fcr); Natural History Museum /
Colin Keates (fcl).192 Bonhams Auctioneers, London. Gemological Institute of America Reprinted by
Permission: Nathan Renfro (bl); Robert Weldon (fbr); Kevin Schumacher (tl). Getty Images: Matteo Chinellato- ChinellatoPhoto (cr). 193 Alamy Stock Photo: Universal Images Group North America LLC / DeAgostini
(tl). Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (fbl, cl). 194 Bridgeman Images:Christie’s Images.
195 Alamy Stock Photo: GL Archive (cl). Bridgeman Images: Christie’s Images (tl). Corbis: Chris Wallberg /
dpa (crb). Getty Images: Universal History Archive (bl). 196 Bonhams Auctioneers, London. Bridgeman
Images: Private Collection / Ken Welsh (bc). Dorling Kindersley: Ruth Jenkinson (cl). 197 Bonhams Auctioneers,
London. Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (cl); Tim Parmenter / Natural History Museum,
London (tl). Getty Images: Ron Evans (cr). 198 Bridgeman Images: Yale Center for British Art, Paul Mellon
Collection, USA (clb).Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (cr); Tim Parmenter / Natural History
Museum, London (tl); Ruth Jenkinson (cl, br); Harry Taylor (fcl). 199 Alamy Stock Photo: Corbin17 (cr).Dorling
Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (cl, bc); Tim Parmenter / Natural History Museum, London (tl,
c). Gemological Institute of America Reprinted by Permission: Robert Weldon (bl). 200-201 Getty
Images: Handout. 202 123RF.com: Valentin Kosilov (cr). Alamy Stock Photo: Alan Curtis / LGPL (c); Susan E.
Degginger (bl). Dorling Kindersley: (cl); Tim Parmenter / Natural History Museum, London (br, bc); Harry Taylor
(tl). 203 Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (cr); Holts (fcr). Fellows Auctioneers. 204 Alamy
Stock Photo: Blend Images (bl).Corbis. Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (tl, br, fbr). Getty
Images: Ron Evans (fcr). 205 123RF.com: vvoennyy (tl, cl). Dorling Kindersley: Oxford University Museum of
Natural History (fcl). Getty Images: Arpad Benedek (br); Ron Evans (bl). 206 Dorling Kindersley: Natural History
Museum, London (tl, cla). 207 Dorling Kindersley: Holts (cla); Ruth Jenkinson (tl); Ruth Jenkinson (tc, cra); Holts
(c). Science Photo Library: Millard H. Sharp (bl). 208 Alamy Stock Photo: Universal Images Group North America
LLC / DeAgostini (br). Bonhams Auctioneers, London. Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (cl);
Ruth Jenkinson (bl). 209 Bonhams Auctioneers, London. Dorling Kindersley: Holts (tl, cl, cr). 210 © Cartier.
211 © Cartier. Getty Images:Cecil Beaton (bl); Alfred Eisenstaedt (cr). Van Cleef & Arpels. 212 Dorling
Kindersley: Holts (tl, fcr, fcl); Natural History Museum, London (br); Holts (fbr). Getty Images: UniversalImagesGroup
(bl).213 Dorling Kindersley: Holts (cl); Holts (bc). Fellows Auctioneers. Kent Raible: kentraible.com (c). Tadema
Gallery. 214 Bridgeman Images: Pictures from History. 215 Bridgeman Images:Pictures from History
(tl). images reproduced courtesy of Powerhouse Museum: Gift of Mr Alastair Morrison, 1992 (ca). 216 Alamy
Stock Photo: Valery Voennyy (tl). Bonhams Auctioneers, London. Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum,
London (cr, cl). 217 Alamy Stock Photo: Nika Lerman (tl). Bonhams Auctioneers, London. Bridgeman
Images: Vorontsov Palace, Crimea, Ukraine (br). Corbis. Dorling Kindersley: Ruth Jenkinson (bl). 218-219
Corbis. 220 Alamy Stock Photo: Alan Curtis (tl); Greg C Grace (fcr). Bonhams Auctioneers, London. 221
Alamy Stock Photo: Universal Images Group North America LLC / DeAgostini (cl). Bonhams Auctioneers,
London. Corbis. 222 Bonhams Auctioneers, London. Bridgeman Images: Pictures from History (bl).Dorling
Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London (tl, fcr); Holts (cl). 223 Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum,
London (cl, c). Gemological Institute of America Reprinted by Permission. Science Photo Library: Natural
History Museum, London (bl). 224 Courtesy of Sotheby’s Picture Library, London: Private Collection. 225
Bridgeman Images: British Royal Family (cr). Corbis: Hulton-Deutsch Collection (tl). Getty Images: Peter
Macdiarmid (tc); Ben Stansall / AFP (bl). 226 Bulgari. 227 Bonhams Auctioneers, London. © Cartier. Dorling
Kindersley: Holts (tl). 228 Alamy Stock Photo:Arco Images GmbH (fbr). Dorling Kindersley: Natural History
Museum, London (cl, cr, fbl); Holts (tc, tc/Tourmaline Cut, fcl, bl, br). 229 Bulgari. © Cartier. Dorling
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