The Mongols and the Black Sea Trade in the 13th and 14th Centuries

...

The Mongols and the Black Sea Trade in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries ...

East Central and Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 450– General Editor Florin Curta VoluME 20 The titles published in this seri ...

The Mongols and the Black Sea Trade in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries By Virgil Ciocîltan Translated by Samuel Willcock ...

This publication has been typeset in the multilingual “Brill” typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering latin, iPA, Greek, a ...

ConTEnTS Acknowledgements ........................................................................................ vii list of M ...

vi contents 3.4 The Commercial implications: Connecting the Black Sea to the Eurasian Trade network ............................ ...

ACKnoWlEdGEMEnTS This book was originally a doctoral thesis, and i owe its composition, along with my whole training as a histor ...

...

liST oF MAPS These maps can be found at the back of the book 1. Black Sea (Xiii–XiV centuries) 2. Mongol states (after 1261) 3. ...

...

chapter one preLIMInarY reMarKS It is a well-established fact that in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, the Black Sea ben ...

2 chapter one 1.1 The Mongols and Trade there is no escaping the fact that the massacres and devastation which the Mongols left ...

preliminary remarks 3 affairs—as in so many other instances in medieval history—is the scarcity of source material. 1.1.1 Source ...

4 chapter one the great persian scholars ʿalā al-Dīn ʿaṭā Malik Juwaynī and Faḍl allāh rashīd al-Dīn are fundamental not just fo ...

preliminary remarks 5 pegolotti, who wrote a detailed and voluminous guidebook for those of his contemporaries who wished to tra ...

6 chapter one to answer this question, it is enough to compare the contrasting find- ings of studies in trade and commerce by sc ...

preliminary remarks 7 variations over time and in different lands, the trade policy of the Mongol khans was relatively stable in ...

8 chapter one conclusions, but it is inevitable that we set out the nature of the bond as a premise for further argument if we a ...

preliminary remarks 9 armed raids for plunder, however, also brought with them a conse- quence that was seriously inconvenient f ...