index 315
raids on Byzantium 270
reception of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa 111
recovers Transcaucasia 174, 175
relations with Genoa 104, 178, 180, 181,
184, 186, 196, 197
treaty with Öljeitü 188n187
war with Ilkhanate 191, 192
Ozolo the Pisan, envoy 128
Pachymeres, Georgios, Byzantine
historian 92n140, 93n243, 118, 154n40,
171n111, 244, 245, 246n415, 248, 249n425,
250n426, 254, 257n461, 258n463, 260,
263n490
Palestine 70, 121
Pallavicini, Raffo, Genoese consul in
Tabriz 124
Palmieri, Riccobono, Genoese notary in
Tana 179n141
Pannonia 29
Pantaleon de Vicina, rich businessman
260
Pax mongolica 1, 18, 20, 32, 99, 103, 147,
152, 202, 281
Pegolotti, Francesco Balducci, Florentine
merchant and politician 5, 76n72, 104,
105n196, 108–110, 112, 115n236, 122, 125,
135, 185n172
Pera (= Galata) 101n177, 105n200,
107n203, 132, 154, 156, 157, 159, 160, 163,
164, 180n46, 208, 215n282, 246n416
persecution of Christians 75, 78n84
Persia 29, 36, 41, 69n41, 136
destruction of Ismaili fortifications 56
eastern
destruction by Chinggis Khan 29
conquest by Timur 239
Mongol
domination 58, 70
campaign 142
rule of Hülegü 59
see also Ilkhanate
Persian Gulf 17n55, 23, 27, 46n37, 49, 56,
59, 69n41, 83n106, 122, 123, 127
Perside see Persia
Peter, Metropolitan of Moscow 268n513
Petrus, Franciscan friar 214n276
Peyra see Pera
Piazzalonga, Federico di, Genoese
merchant 155
Pimen, Metropolitan of Moscow
237n372
Pirenne, Henri, Belgian historian 13
Philip IV the Fair, king of France
129n302, 169n103
Philippi, battle of 275n542
Phynta, son of Samuel de Mende,
Hungarian ambassador 275
plague 201, 202, 212, 213, 263
Plano Carpini, John of, Franciscan
missionary of 32, 99
Podolia 222
Poland 43, 250, 255, 257
Poltava 253n440
Polo
family 128n300
Berke’s generosity 149
Maffeo (uncle of Marco), Venetian
merchant and traveller
at Berke’s court 100
confiscation of goods 131
Marco (son of niccolò), Venetian
merchant and traveller 48, 65,
100n173, 103, 120, 131
account of Genoese-Ilkhanid alliance
83
Genoese ship-building technology
127
return from China 102, 120, 121
voyage to China 4
niccolò (father of Marco), Venetian
merchant and traveller
at Berke’s court 100
Pomorie (= Anchialos) 93, 257, 266
Ponzò, Antonio di, Genoese notary at
Chilia 279n560
Portugal
suzerainty over Hormuz 17n55
Predono, Gabriele di, Genoese notary in
Pera 156, 157
Provato 194n209, 216, 220, 222
Pruth river 252, 254
Pulad Bey see Bulat-BeyQal‛at al-Rūm 74n62
Qalāwūn see al-Malik al-Manṣūr
Qalāwūn
Qara Bulat, Tartar envoy 193
Qara Qorum 10n29, 42, 51, 53, 56
Qara Khitai 42n23
Qara Kishek, noghai’s grandson 262
Qazwīnī see Ḥamd Allāh Qazwīnī
Quanzhou 126
Qubilai, great khan 30, 55n86, 64, 67,
72, 100
Qurultai 42, 64, 250, 251
of 1206 8, 25
of 1229 43
of 1251 53, 54
of 1260 59