S-6 Subject Index
National Institutes of Health (NIH), 388
natural selection
Buss and, 431–432
Darwin and, 431, 454
Skinner and, 476
naturalness, 273–274
Nazi Germany, 201, 246–247, 409, 411–412,
548–549, 559–560
necrophilia, 242, 243, 243f, 246–247
need potential (NP, Rotter), 538, 540
need value (NV, Rotter), 539, 540
needs
in cognitive social learning theory (Rotter),
536–539
existential, 232–236, 236f
hierarchy of, 262–266, 262f, 270–278
narcissistic, 158–159
neurotic (Horney), 171, 177–178, 179f, 192 f
neurotic (Maslow), 267
negative reinforcement, 470–471
negative transference, 54, 162
neglected style of life, 87
neo-Bussian evolutionary models of
personality, 444–446
NEO-Personality Inventory (NEO-PI), 384,
389, 398, 404
Neuro-Psychoanalysis, 58
neuroscience
biological aspects of personality and, 410
psychoanalytic theory and, 57–58, 59,
61–63
Neurosis and Human Growth (Horney),
173–174, 193
neurotic anxiety (Freud), 38
neurotic anxiety (May), 333–334
neurotic claims (Horney), 184–185, 242
neurotic needs (Horney), 171, 177–178,
179 f, 182 t
neurotic needs (Maslow), 267
neurotic pride (Horney), 185
neurotic search for glory (Horney), 183–184
neurotic trends (Horney), 178–182, 182t,
190–191
neuroticism. See also psychoanalytic social
theory (Horney)
biological basis of, 426–428
in biological factor theory (Eysenck), 415,
416 f, 417, 418–419, 421–422
costs and benefits, 445t
in evolutionary theory (Buss), 441–442
in Five-Factor Theory, 389, 390–391, 391t,
400, 402, 403–404
positive aspects of, 191–193
in psychoanalytic theory (Freud), 25
neutral genetic variations, 444
New School for Social Research, 74, 173, 260
New Ways in Psychoanalysis (Horney), 173
New York Psychoanalytic Institute, 173
New York University, 231, 327, 549
noise (Buss), 433
nomothetic methods, 355
nonbeing/nothingness, 330–332
normal anxiety (May), 333
normal autism (Mahler), 156
normal symbiosis (Mahler), 156–157
Northern Blackfoot tribe, 260
nothingness. See nonbeing/nothingness
object relations theory (Klein), 142–169
adult relationships and, 162–166
concept of humanity, 167–168
critique, 166–167
internalizations, 152–155
introduction, 146–147
later views, 143–144, 146, 155–161May, Rollo, 323–352. See also existential
psychology (May)
biography, 325–328
critique, 349–350
Philip (case), 324, 332, 334, 335, 340, 343–344
publications, 327, 332–333, 340–341
McCrae, Robert R., 382–406. See also
Five-Factor Theory
biography, 387–388
publications, 388
Meaning of Anxiety, The (May), 327, 332–333
means versus ends, self-actualized people
and, 277
mechanism (Buss), 437–442, 446–447
Memories, Dreams, Reflections (Jung), 105,
108, 109, 115, 131–132
meta-analysis, 187–189
metamotivation (Maslow), 272–273
metapathology (Maslow), 268
Michigan State University, 231
mindfulness, 283–284
minimal group paradigm, 374–375
mirroring, 159
Mischel, Walter, 548–565. See also cognitive-
affective personality theory (Mischel)
biography, 548–550
critique of cognitive social learning theory,
563–564
publications, 549–550, 562
related research, 559–563
Mithraic cult, 113
Mitwelt, 330, 331f, 334, 335, 336, 342, 343,
346–348
modeling (Bandura), 498–499
modulation corollary (Kelly), 578–579
monarchic phase of childhood, 127–128
monogenic transmission (Buss), 449
moral agency, 496, 513–516
moral anxiety (Freud), 38
Moral Disengagement Scale (MDS), 521–522
moral hypochondriasis (Fromm), 242
moral justification, 515
moralistic principle (Freud), 34–35
morphogenic science, 355, 368–369
mortality salience/awareness, 344–349
mother fixation, 242–243
motivation
in cognitive social learning theory (Rotter),
531–532
in evolutionary theory (Buss), 440
in holistic-dynamic theory (Maslow), 257,
261–270
in individual psychology (Adler), 76–78
in person-centered theory (Rogers), 316–319
in psychology of the individual (Allport),
359, 364–368
in social cognitive theory (Bandura), 500
motivational dispositions, 363
moving against people (Horney), 179f,
180–181, 182t
moving away from people (Horney), 179f,
181–182, 182t
moving backward (Adler), 89
moving toward people (Horney), 179f,
180, 182t
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI),
135–138, 139, 389
myth (May), 340–342
narcissism
malignant, 242, 243, 246–247, 250–251
narcissistic needs of infants, 158–159
primary, 37, 156
secondary, 37
as striving for superiority, 100, 250–251latency (Erikson), 209, 210
latency stage (Freud), 43, 50
latent dream content (Freud), 54, 55
law of effect (Thorndike), 464
law of the low doorway (Adler), 85
leadership
attachment style and, 165–166
personality type and, 135–136
learning, 497–500
enactive, 500
observational, 498–500
learning-(social) cognitive theories, 8–9, 10t
Letters from Jenny (Allport), 370–372
levels of mental life (Freud), 28–31,
31 f, 32 f
levels of the psyche (Jung), 110–120, 132
Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale
(LSRP), 489
libidinal object constancy, 157–158
libido (Freud), 36
life-cycle approach (Erikson), 197–198,
203–218, 221–223
Little Albert (case of Watson & Raynor),
467–468
Little Hans (case of S. Freud), 145
locus of control
in cognitive-affective personality theory
(Mischel), 559–560
in cognitive social learning theory (Rotter),
529, 530, 540, 541–543
love
in cognitive social learning theory (Rotter),
538, 544–545
in existential psychology (May), 336–338
in holistic-dynamic theory (Maslow), 278
in humanistic psychoanalysis (Fromm),
233, 241
love and belongingness needs (Maslow),
262 f, 264–265
as productive orientation, 241
in psychoanalytic social theory (Horney),
174–175
in psychoanalytic theory (Freud), 37
in psychosocial development stages
(Erikson), 204f, 213–214
Love and Will (May), 327
maintenance needs (Rogers), 296
maladjustment. See abnormal development/
maladjustment
malignant aggression (Fromm), 234
malignant narcissism, 242, 243, 246–247,
250–251
Man for Himself (Fromm), 231, 252–253
mandala (Jung), 118, 119f
manifest dream content (Freud), 54, 55
Man’s Search for Himself (May), 327
marketing character (Fromm), 240–241, 245,
247–248
“marshmallow test,” 561–563
masculine protest (Adler), 76, 90–91,
100, 187
Maslow, Abraham, 256–289. See also holistic-
dynamic theory (Maslow)
biography, 257, 258–261, 503
critique, 286–287
philosophy of science, 279–280
masochism, 37, 237
mastery experiences, 507
matrix, 385
mature personality (Allport), 359–361,
375–378
maturity stage (Freud), 43, 51
Maudsley Hospital, 412, 413
Maudsley Personality Inventory, 421, 423