landscapes, 33 – 51 ; legal and administrative
aspects, 49 – 50 ; modern, 47 ; and river levees,
36 , 42 – 3 , 44 ; role in agriculture, 34 ; see also
hydraulic landscapes
isˇib-priest, 258 – 9 , 263
Isin (city), 449
Isin-Larsa (Early Old Babylonian) period
(c. 2004 – 1763 BC), 116 , 143 , 210 ; cities, 169 – 70 ;
royalty, images of, 210 ; third millennium
homes, 348 ; trading system, 592 – 3
Iturungul (watercourse), 40
Jacobsen, T., 20 , 40 , 136 , 285 , 286
Jacobsen, Th., 65 n
Jagersma, B., 424
Jazirah plains, 75
Jebel Ansariyeh Mountains, 478
Jebel Aruda, 84 , 347 , 450 , 624
Jebel Sinjar, 75
Jemdet Nasr (settlement mound), 19 , 23 , 24
Jemdet Nasr period (c. 3150 / 3100 – 2900 BC), 72 ,
88 , 115 , 116 ; Gulf, and Sumerians, 580 , 581 , 594 ;
interactions with Oman Peninsular, 583 – 4 , 585 ;
seals in, 324 – 9 ; trade in, 452
Jiroft Valley, Halil Rud River, 571
Kalki, seal of, 322 , 386
Kantor, H., 68 , 621
Kardulias, N., 563
Karun River, 448
Kassite dynasty, 147 , 148 , 172
Kayseri, 503
Kesh Temple Hymn, 118 , 248
Khafajah city, Diyala region, 185 – 92 , 348 ; city
map, 186 ; creation of the New, 189 – 90 , 199 n;
function, 180 ; functional designation for the
New, 190 – 1 ; houses, 168 ; Khafajah Mound A,
162 ; known, break with, 189 – 90 ; layers VII and
VIII, 185 – 6 , 187 ; New integrated into or
segregated from traditionally known, 191 ;
public buildings and domestic housing,
contrasts, 185 – 6 , 187 ; reasons for the New,
191 – 2 ; residential districts, 165 , 185 – 6 , 187 ;
responsibility for building enterprise, 191 – 2 ;
Sin Temple, 162 – 3 , 185 , 187 , 188 , 362 , 364 ; Small
Temple, 162 – 3 , 185 , 187 , 188 ; spatial design, 185 ,
189 ; Temple Oval, 163 , 164 , 189 , 190 , 191 , 192 ;
users, identity of, 189
Kheit Qasim, 346
Khirbat al-Fakhar, 69
Khirbet Kerak Ware, 480 , 563
Kimbrough, C., 405
“King of Battle” narrative, 502 , 503
kings and queens, 118 , 201 – 4 , 220 ; Akkad
Dynasty, 120 ; concept of royal dynasty, 117 ;
Early Dynastic period, 116 – 17 , 118 ; female
kings, 201 – 2 , 203 ; historical-literary traditions,
502 – 4 ; history/chronology, 112 ; Mari, Amorite
period, 532 ; royal power, sources, 283 – 5 ;
Sumerian kings, 569 – 70 ; see alsoroyalty, images
of; Sumerian Kinglist (SKL); specific kings such
as Rim-Sin
Kish (city), 117 , 119 , 121 , 136 , 142 ; kings of, 201 – 2 ;
palaces at, 164 , 165 , 168 , 467 ; residential
districts, 165 ; scribes, 299
Kohlmeyer, K., 347
Konar Sandal, 571 – 2
Koslova, N., 62
Kouchoukos, N., 74
Kramer, S.N., 111 , 435
Ku-Baba of Kish (female king), 201 – 2
Kuhrt, A., 202
Kullaba Precinct, Uruk, 76
Kültepe-Kanisˇ archives, 511
Kura-Araxes Culture, 563
Kura-Araxes ware (pottery), 451labor revolution, Uruk period, 80 – 2
lagar(clergy), 258 – 61 ; égi-zi-an-na, 262 ;
eres ˇ-digˆir, 259 – 61 , 367 ; is ˇib-priest, 258 – 9 ;
lú-mah, 261
Lagash, Second Dynasty (c. 2200 – 2112 BC), 116 ,
122 – 4
Lagash province, 119 , 122 – 4 ; agriculture and
land management, 58 , 64 ; “drinking place,”
429 ; hydraulic landscapes and irrigation
systems, 33 , 49 ; month names, 313 ; and
physical geography, 26 , 27 ; residential
districts, 165 , 166 ; Sacred Marriage, 231 ;
settlement patterns, 141 – 2 ; Temple Oval, 163 ;
see alsoGudea of Lagash
Lamberg-Karlovsky, C.C., 559 – 78 , 614
land, lay of, 13 – 18 , 15
land management, and agriculture (Ur III
period), 55 – 65 ; agricultural landscape, 57 – 9 ;
‘cultivators,’ 60 – 1 , 62 , 65 n; field management,
59 – 64 ; production levels, 64 ; sustenance land,
62 – 4 , 65 n
lands and estates, irrigated, 49 – 50
Landsat imagery, 135
Landsberger, B., 111
land survey texts, 62–– Index ––