Documenting United States History

284 ChapTER 12 | War and eManCipation | period Five 1844 –1877 TopIC^ I^ |^ emancipation^285

pR aCTICIng historical Thinking

Identify: What images are the most prominent in this picture?

Analyze: What is the purpose of the images surrounding the central image?

Evaluate: To what extent does this image present Emancipation as a moral cause?

An economic one? A political one? Explain.

applyIng ap® historical Thinking Skills

sKill review comparison, contextualization,

and historical Argumentation

Regarding the emancipation of enslaved African Americans, compare the five documents

above, and answer the following prompt:

Accept, modify, or refute the following: Although Northerners and Southerners

debated the status of African Americans, neither side in the Civil War perceived

enslaved African Americans and whites as equals. Use the documents above and

your knowledge of the 1860s to support your argument.

steP 1 Organize your evidence

Use a simple table to clarify the point of view and context for each piece of evidence. This is

the first step toward comparison. Note the point of view and context for each piece.

Document

point of view on (or

perception of) african

americans

Context

Doc. 12.1, “What to Do with the

Slaves When Emancipated,” New

York Herald

Antiabolition Political, economic

Doc. 12.2, Abraham Lincoln, Letter

to Horace Greeley

Doc. 12.3, Abraham Lincoln, Eman-

cipation Proclamation

Doc. 12.4, “President Lincoln and

His Scheme of Emancipation,”

Charleston Mercury

Southern Political, economic

Doc. 12.5, Thomas Nast, “The

Emancipation of the Negroes,

January, 1863—The Past and the

Future”

Abolitionist Social, moral

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