Discovery of the Americas, 1492-1800

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Río Grande 86, 101, 103, 115–116,
133, 144
Rivas, Martín de 143, 144
Rodríquez, Agustín 132
Rodríquez-Chamuscado expedi-
tion 132
Roman Catholic. SeeCatholicism
and Catholics
Romans 11
Romero, Antonio 142
Rondon, Candido 172
Royal Inca Highway 68, 68
Ruiz, Bartolomé 66, 67
Russian traders 157, 163
Ruz, Hipólito 172

S

Sagres, Portugal 12, 17
Sahagún, Bernardino de 53, 54,
58
sails (ship) 17
St. Augustine, Florida 105
St. Croix 6
St. E lias, Mount 161
St. Louis, Fort 140, 144
Salvador Palma (Yuma chief) 153
Salvatierra, Juan María de 147
San Antonio(ship) 149, 151
San Carlos Borromeo, mission at
153
San Carlos(ship) 149
San Clemente 121, 128
sand dunes 154
San Diego 120, 121, 128, 149
Sandwich, Massachusetts xiv
Sandwich Islands 160
San Francisco, California 126,
127, 129,154, 173
San F rancisco Bay 121, 127,129,
130, 149, 150, 152
San Gabriel Arcángel mission 154
San Gabriel Pueblo 136
San Juan de Los Caballeros 134
San Juan Pueblo 135–136
San Miguel 120, 128
San P edro(ship) 77
San Salvador 28, 121, 128
San Salvador(ship) 121
Santa Barbara 121, 128
Santa Catalina 121

Santa Cruz 64

Santa Fe, New Mexico 134, 135,

140, 156

Santa Maria, Juan de 132

Santa María la Antigua de Darién

44

Santa Maria(ship) 2, 7, 7,17, 26,

29, 30

Santiago(ship) 157, 158

Santo Domingo 35, 37

Santo Thomas (fort) 31

San Xavier del Bac 146, 147

Scheller, William xiv

Schomburgk, Robert Hermann

172

science 169, 172

scientific revolution 171

scientists 172

scurvy 129, 149, 160, 186g

sea otter pelts 162

sea routes 23

seas 18, 19. See alsooceans

sea serpents 22

Serpent’s Mouth 34

Serra, Father Junípero 149, 151,

151 m,152, 153

settlements xv, 186g.See alsocol-

onization

Seward Peninsula 161

sextant 186g

shipbuilding 15, 17, 60, 83

ships 18–19,143, 180 .See also

caravel; galleon

Sierra de los Pedernales 62

silk 15

silver

Seven Cities of Cíbola 107

and Hernán Cortés 56

mine 74, 146

and Franciso Pizarro 66, 68

prospecting for 133

room filled with 71

wasting of 173

in Zacatecas 132

slavery and slaves 170

and Aztec Indians 57

banned in United States 180

in Caribbean 49

and Christopher Columbus

34, 179

and crops 179

and disease 35

Hispaniola 34

Inca Indians 179

linguistic exchange from

175

and Luis de Moscoso 103

and Native Americans 49, 50,

52, 57,179, 180

and Portuguese 179

pre-Columbian 179, 180

prohibition on 34

slave hunters 132

slaving parties/raids 72, 80,

86, 90

and Hernando de Soto 98,

99

start of trade in 12

transport ship for 180

smallpox 35,60, 61, 186 g

smoke 121

societies of the Americas, major,

ca. 1500 21m

soil analysis xv

Solís, J uan Díaz de 49

Sonora, Mexico 146, 147, 152

Sonora(ship) 158, 160

Soto, Hernando de

and Álvar Núñez Cabeza de

Vaca 91

death of 101, 102–103

description of xvi

gold 95, 101

inspiration for 89

and “La Florida” 92–101, 106

legacy of 101, 104–105

Battle of Mabila 99–101

Mississippi River 48

and Native Americans 93,

95–101, 100, 105

in Pizarro expedition 67, 67,

69, 92

route of, 1539–1542 96m

and slavery 98, 99

Timucua Indians 96, 97

South America. See also specific

headings,e.g.:Peru

Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca

89–91

Carib Indians 6

Christopher Columbus 34,

35, 37

(^204) B Discovery of the Americas, 1492–1800
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