Ghiberti, Lorenzo, 102–103, 127,
128, 265, 285, 311
Ghirlandaio, Domenico, 141–142,
190, 206, 213, 320
Giorgione, 142, 304
Giotto di Bondone, 12, 70, 142–
144, 225
Globe Theatre, 288–289, 302
La Gloria(Titian), 305–306
Gnomons, 307
Goito, Battle of, 145
Golden Horde.SeeTatar dynasty
Gonzaga, Federigo, 200
Gonzaga, Francesco, 107, 199
Gonzaga, Gianfrancesco, 144, 200
Gonzaga, House of, 144–145, 199–
200, 255, 323
Gonzaga, Ludovico, 144, 145, 200
Gothic style, 28, 143, 203, 240,
265, 284, 297
Granada (Sultanate), 123, 145–146,
167, 222
Grand Testament(Villon), 322
Gravity, 22, 34, 179
Great Northern War, 298
Great Passion(Dürer), 108
Great Schism, 15, 51, 68, 146, 162,
173
origins, 69, 78
resolution, 91, 93, 229
Greco, El, 146–147
Greece, ancient
architecture, 27, 175
literature, 12, 77–78, 112, 160,
185, 198, 301, 319
mythology, 226, 235
philosophy, 226–227
scholarship, 14, 16, 19
Greek cross, 28
Gregory XI (pope), 68, 146
Gregory XII (pope), 92
Grey, Lady Jane, 147
Gritti, Andrea, 147
Grotius, Hugo, 147–149
Gruet, Jacques, 63
Grünewald, Matthias, 149
Guelph faction, 24–25, 101, 168,
291
Guicciardini, Francesco, 149–150
Guilds, 76, 86, 127
Gunpowder Plot, 59, 171
Gustav I Vasa (king, Sweden), 297
Gustavus Adolphus (king,
Sweden), 297, 303, 316
Gutenberg, Johannes, 32, 150–151,
262
See alsoPrinting
H
Habsburg dynasty, 135, 153–154,
168, 200, 296
fight against Protestantism, 15,
201, 325
France and, 51, 309, 313
territory, 34–35, 36, 161, 204–
205, 222, 228, 234
Thirty Years’ War, 44, 276, 302–
303
Haec Sancta(Council of
Constance), 92
Hakluyt, Richard, 154–155
Handbook of the Militant Christian
(Erasmus), 115
Hanseatic League, 297
Hardy, Alexandre, 301
Harmony of the World(Kepler),
179
Harvey, William, 208
Hawkins, Sir John, 105, 106, 114
Heliocentric theory of astronomy,
33–34, 52, 58, 86–88, 137–138,
179
Henri II (king, France), 99, 132,
208–209, 313
Henri III (king, France), 122, 155,
156, 209, 313
Henri IV (king, France), 50–51,
111, 122, 133, 155–156, 209, 313–
314
Henry IV (king, Castile), 167
Henry VII (Holy Roman
Emperor), 25
Henry VII (king, England), 48, 61,
114, 219
Henry VIII (king, England), 124,
157–158
patronage of artists, 31, 114,
158
wives, 45, 95, 158, 242–243,
308–309
See alsoChurch of England;
Edward VI (king, England);
Elizabeth I (queen, England);
Mary Tudor (queen, England)
Henry of Guise, 155, 156
Henrythe Navigator, 35, 118, 156–
157, 261
Heptameron(Marguerite of
Navarre), 202
Hermes Trismegitus, 22, 58
The History of Italy(Guicciardini),
150
History of the Florentine People
(Bruni), 57
History of the Reformation in Scot-
land(Knox), 180–181
Hohenzollern dynasty, 263Holbein, Hans (the Younger), 114,
158–159
Holland, 148, 228, 325
See alsoNetherlands
Holy League, 153, 157, 176, 188–
189
Holy Roman Empire, 44, 283, 318,
323
invasion of Italy, 75, 213, 240,
279
Papacy and, 69, 101, 168, 169
See alsoHabsburg dynasty;
Sack of Rome
Howard, Catherine, 158, 242
Hudson, Henry, 119
Huguenots, 50, 63, 111, 155–156,
209, 272, 313
See alsoFrance, Protestantism
in
Humanism, 15–16, 114, 159–160,
254
in art, 12–13, 21, 47, 109, 142,
238
Christianity and, 116, 159, 160,
271–272
in education, 111–112, 312
Florentine, 126, 128, 206
Italian, 19, 169, 198
in literature, 16, 112, 189
origins, 57, 189
spread of, 75, 206
Hundred Years’ War, 121, 212, 257,
313
end of, 26, 114, 131, 174
Hungary, 91, 160–161, 233, 271,
296
Habsburg rule, 35, 205, 234,
275
Hunyadi, Janos, 161
Hus, Jan, 44, 69, 91–92, 162–163,
240, 272
Hutten, Ulrich von, 163I
Iambi(Callimachus), 62
In Praise of Folly(Erasmus), 116,
158
Incan Empire, 257
Index of Forbidden Books, 69, 88,
116, 165, 244, 271, 272, 273
Indulgences, sale of, 14, 23, 163,
185, 192, 240, 271
Martin Luther’s opposition to,
15, 86, 272
De Indus(The Law of Prizes,
Grotius), 148
Industrial age, 63, 119
See alsoManufacturingIndex