A Concise History of the Middle East

Index • 555

Social groupings, among Muslims, 114-115
Socialism, 293, 307
Arab, 319, 320, 321, 326, 360
in Egypt, 343, 386
Society of the Muslim Brothers.
See Muslim Brothers
Solomon, 25
South Arabian Federation, 339
Southeast Asia, 130
Southern Arabia, 25
Soviet Union, 237,241,293, 304, 318, 337,
338,381, 383,409,417,431,459,

460. See also Russia
     Egypt and, 305, 314
     Iran and, 241
     Israel and, 293
     Syria and, 316, 317
     Turkey and, 228
     Spain, 74, 85, 87, 151,161
     Sports, 240, 253
     Stalin, 129, 262
     Standard Oil of California. See Chevron
     State ownership, 232
     Stern Gang, 286,292, 294
     Strikes, 227,256, 257,284, 367, 376
     The Struggle for Syria (Seale), 316
     Succession, 53,65, 82,103,132,140,
     160,247
     Sudan, 193,210, 211, 252,255,256,258,
     260,264, 279, 304, 320, 340, 345,
     355,410,417
     basic statistics for, 53It
     Suez affair, 313
     Suez Canal, 166,188,210, 212, 312
     Anglo-French invasion of, 267
     Britain and, 21, 166,191, 192, 267
     nationalizing of, 267, 312
     Sufism, 72,124-125,126,154,227.
     See also Mysticism
     Shari'a and, 125
     Suhrawardi, 101
     Suicide bombers, 416,426,437,441,443
     Suleyman the Magnificent (sultan), 146,
     147,160
     Sultaniyah, 136
     Sultans, 4, 97,100,112,131,132,139/

Sunna, 39, 89,108

Sunni Triangle, 437,438

Sunnis, 10,67,71,87,89

law for, 110-111

Swiss Civil Code, 230

Sykes-Picot Agreement, 213-216,215map

Syria, 10,17,24,61, 63,64, 85, 87, 91,93,

103,212,299. See also Golan Heights

army coup of, 301-302,323-324

basic statistics for, 53It

Bath Party in, 316,323-324

France and, 165,213,300

French splitting of, 218

geographic significance of, 316

Greater, 296,299, 301, 316, 336,348

Hashimites in, 301

Iraq and, 340

Israel and, 292

Lebanon and, 301, 360-361,390

mandate for, 218

nationalism in, 301,302, 316

Nationalist Party of, 301

Republic of, 206

Soviet Union and, 316, 317

United States and, 316,317

Syrian Protestant College, 206. See also

American University of Beirut

Taba, 390,415,440,471

Taba Affair, 390

Tabaristan, 90

Tabriz, 144,153,154, 181,198

Tahirids, 82

Taif,34,41,196

Taj Mahal, 130

Talat (Young Turk), 197

Talha,61

Taliban, 417,420,431,434

Tamerlane. See Timur Leng

Tanzania, 410

Tanzimat, 178-180,183

Tawfiq (khédive), 189,190

Taxes, 17,18, 20,41, 58, 75, 76, 78,148,

149,155,157,159,172,173,178,

181,182,189,193,224, 234,236,

238,282, 345, 359, 363,407