Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology

LDL. SeeLow-density lipoproteins

Left anterior descending artery, 276f

Left atrium, 275, 276f, 277t, 281f, 305f

Left bundle branch, 281f

Left colic vein, 304f

Left common carotid artery, 276f, 300t,

303f

Left common iliac artery, 420f

Left common iliac vein, 420f

Left coronary artery, 276f, 278f

Left coronary vein, 276f

Left gastric artery, 297f, 300t

Left gastric vein, 298f, 304f

Left gastroepiploic vein, 304f

Left hepatic vein, 380f

Left internal jugular vein, 276f

Left pulmonary artery, 276f

Left pulmonary vein, 276f

Left subclavian artery, 276f, 300t

Left subclavian vein, 325f

Left ventricle, 275–277, 276f, 277t, 281f

Left ventricular hypertrophy, 308b

Leg, 123

Lens, 204

Leptin, 76, 412b

Lesser trochanter, 127f

Leukemia, 263, 263b

Leukocytes, 253f, 261

Leukocytosis, 263

Leukopenia, 263

Levator ani, 159f, 159t

Levator ani muscle, 387f

Levator labii superioris, 154f

Life span (blood cells), 256–259

Lind, James, 78b

Lingual tonsil, 201f, 345f

Lipase, 379

Lipid metabolism, 388

Lipids, 34–37, 36f, 37t

metabolism, 388

Lithotripsy, 381b

Liver, 191t, 371f, 374t, 375f, 379, 380f,

386–389, 397t

Liver lobule, 379

Long bones, 106

Longitudinal fissure, 177f

Longitudinal muscle, 387f

Longitudinal muscle layer (stomach), 377f

Loop of Henle, 423f, 424, 426f

Lordosis, 122b

Low-density lipoproteins (LDL), 36b

Lower esophageal sphincter (LES), 373

Lumbar artery, 300t

Lumbar plexus, 173f

Lumbar puncture, 187b

Lumbar vertebrae, 114f, 119, 120f, 420f

Lumen, 460f

Lunate, 124f

Lungs, 346–347, 351f

Luteal phase, 468

Luteinizing hormone (LH), 226f,

230–231, 231t, 243, 450, 460t, 468, 470t

Lymph, 322

capillaries, 322, 323f

nodes, 322–324, 323f, 326f

nodules, 322–324, 375f

vessels, 322

vessels and nodes, 325f

Lymphatic system, 320–338

Lymphatic tissue, 254, 322–327

Lymphatic vessels, 323f, 375f

Lymphoblast, 255f

Lymphocytes, 253f, 262, 326f

Lysosome, 50f, 51, 52t

Lysozyme, 203, 328, 329f

M

Macrophage, 255f, 262, 323, 326f, 350f

Macula lutea, 204

Magnesium, 410t, 447t

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 18b

Malignant, 61b

Malleus, 119, 210, 211f

Maltase, 382

Mammary plexus, 325f

Mammary glands, 467, 467f, 468t

Mammography, 468b

Mandible, 109f, 114f, 115f, 116, 201f

Mandibular fossa, 115f

Manganese, 410t

Manubrium, 122

Marrow canal, 106, 108

Masseter, 153f, 154f, 154t

Mast cells, 75, 99, 328, 329f

Mastoid fontanel, 109f

Mastoid process, 115f, 116f

Mastoid sinus, 119, 211f

Mastoiditis, 119

Maternal blood tests, 481b

Maturing follicles, 478f

Maxilla, 109f, 114f, 115f, 116, 345f

Maxillary artery, 297f, 299f

Maxillary sinus, 119f

mDNA. SeeMitochondrial DNA

Mechanical digestion, 370

Medial condyle, 127f

Medial malleolus, 127f

Median nerve, 173f, 174t

Mediastinum, 348f

Medication, administering, 100b

Medulla, 176, 177f, 178f, 186f, 190f, 303f,

360

heart, 284, 285f

respiration, 358

Medullary cavity, 110f

Megakaryocyte, 255f, 263

Meiosis, 61–63, 450–457

Meissner’s plexus, 375f, 376

Melanin, 94, 95t

Melanocytes, 93–95, 95t

Melatonin, 243

Membranous labyrinth, 210

Membranes, 70, 82–84

Membranous urethra, 432f, 459f

Memory B cells, 330–331

Memory T cells, 330

Meninges, 13, 84t, 184–186

structure, 185f

Meningitis, 187b

Menopause, 456

Menstrual cycle, 467–470, 469f

Mental foramen, 115f

Mentalis, 154f

Merkel cells, 90, 95t, 96

Mesenteric lymph nodes, 325f

Mesentery, 15, 82, 83f, 375f, 376

Mesoderm, 477, 480t

Messenger RNA. SeemRNA

Metabolic acidosis, 361, 449, 450t

Metabolic alkalosis, 361, 450, 450t

Metabolic rate, 7, 408, 408–412, 411b

Metabolism, 7–12, 400–413

Metacarpals, 114f, 123, 124f

Metaphase, 60

Metastasis, 61b

Metastasize, 94b

Metatarsals, 114f, 125, 127f

Microbes, control, 504–507

Microbiology

golden age, 498b

human disease, 497–524

twentieth century, 499b

twenty-first century, 507b

Microglia, 166, 168t

Micrometers, 48

Microorganisms, classification, 498–500

Microvilli, 50f, 51–52, 52t, 72, 383–384,

383f, 425

Micturition (of urine), 431

Midbrain, 176–178, 177f, 190f

Middle cerebral artery, 303f

Middle ear, 210

Middle lobe (lung), 348f

Middle nasal concha, 115f

Middle sacral artery, 300t

Mineralocorticoids, 240

Minerals, 410t

Minute respiratory volume (MRV), 353

Mitochondrial DNA (mDNA), 51

Mitochondrion, 50f, 51, 52t, 143f, 169f

Mitosis, 60–61, 62f, 90

Mitral valve, 275, 276f, 277t

Mixed nerves, 171

Molecules, 25

Monocytes, 253f, 255f, 262

Monoglyceride, 34

Mons pubis, 467f

Morula, 476, 478f

Motility, 51

Index 597

31Scanlon(p3) Index 8/17/06 11:09 AM Page 597