INDEX/317G77 (developing countries), 281
GATT see World Trade
Organisation (WTO)
GDP, 283; compared with financial
transactions, 54
Germany, and Eastern Europe, 38
globalisation, xv-xvi, 3, 5, 252-4,
281-2; of capital, 26-8; fosters
exclusion, 34, 36-46; opposi
tional organisations, 260-2;
political factors in, 28-30
governance, good, 148-50
government bonds, xxvi, 66, 67
government(s): and bilateral loans,
84, 107; budget austerity
(imposed), 141-2; financial
regulation, 252; intervention,
xxiii-xxiv, 3, 171; macroeco-
nomic reform, 13 7-8; and
reduced role of state, 161-5;
sovereignty of, xi, 159-60, 250;
strength of, 152, 155; Third
World corruption, 85-7
green revolution, 116-19
Hayek, Friedrich von, 174, 179,
180-1, 186-7
health and healthcare, 22, 23,
156-8,238-9
highly industrialised countries:
effect of Southeast Asian crisis,
222; poverty and living
conditions, 19-20, 22; regional
blocs, 41-2; share of world
market, 39; World Bank
flowback to, 13 0-1, see also
Triad
homelessness, 22
Hong Kong, 11, 40, 220, 230
Human Poverty Index (HPI), 22-3
Hume, David, 170
IFIs (international financial institu
tions): criticism by economists,
xx-xxi; debt calculation
methods, 8 In; and deregulation,
52; policy on Southeast Asia,
233-4; power of, 40-1; and
Rwandan genocide, 212-15;
and Sub-Saharan Africa, 198,
see also IMF; World Bank
IMF, 9, 114, 129-30, 283; and
Brazil, xxiv; and debt cancella
tion, 242; debt relief plan, 12;
forecasting errors, 191, 222-3;
and liberalisation of capital
flows, 54-5; potential for reform,
242; praise for Asian dragons,
223-4; relationship with World
Bank, 134-5, 138-9; response
to Southeast Asian crisis, xxiv,
233-4, 236; and South Korea,
226-7, 228-30; structural
adjustment policies, 134-8
import substitution, 76, 116, 284
income: from exports, 9; global fall
in, xviii-xix
India, 24, 117; debt statistics, 67,
67, 68; protectionism, 232;
resistance to colonial capitalism,
165-6
Indicator of Human Development,
284
Indonesia, xix, 23 7, 259; debt
statistics, 67, 67, 68; financial
crisis, 218, 219, 237; IMF
report, 224
industrial free zone, 284
industrialisation, 167-8; export-
driven, 74-5; by import
substitution, 76, 284; South
Korea, 227
industrialised countries see highly
industrialised countries
infant mortality, 157
inflation: 1970s global, 88; and
interest rates, 89-91,90
infrastructure, loans for, 84, 107
intellectual property rights, 101-3,
248