NOTES31 From M. H. Abrams’ edition of The Waste Land, The Norton Anthology, 6th
edition, vol. 2, (1993) p. 2149.
32 “The Burial of the Dead,” in The Waste Land, p. 2147.
33 “The Fire Sermon,” in The Waste Land, p. 2152.
34 Al-Baymtl, “Kmbns al-layl wa-al-nahmr”/“The Night Mare of Night and Day,” in
Love, Death and Exile, trans., B. K. Frangieh, p. 41.
35 “The Fire Sermon,” in The Waste Land, p. 2152.
36 Al-Baymtl, Tajribatlal-shi‘riyyah, cited in Frangieh’s “Introduction” to Love,
Death and Exile, trans., B. K. Frangieh, p. 4.
37 See his poem to Rafael Alberti, in Love, Death and Exile, trans., Frangieh, p. 163.
38 Love, Death and Exile, trans., Frangieh, p. 161; and Al-Baymtl, “The Gypsy
Symphony,” Love, Death and Exile, trans., B. K. Frangieh, p. 157.
39 ‘Abd al-Wahhmb al Baymtl“The Village Market,” in An Anthology of Modern
Arabic Poetry, ed. and trans., Mounah A. Khouri and Hamid Algar (Berkley, CA:
University of California Press, 1974), p. 116.
40 Al-Baymtl, Love, Death and Exile, trans. Frangieh, “Introduction,”p. 4.
41 Quoted Gregory S. Jay, “Ghosts and Roses,” in Modern Critical Views: T. S. Eliot
(New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1985), pp. 103–19, at p. 109. See also
his discussion of Dante, p. 104 and p. 109.
42 Gregory S. Jay’s phrase, p. 110.
43 See Asin Palacios, Islam and the Divine Comedy.
44 From M.H. Abrams’ edition of The Waste Land, The Norton Anthology, 6th edi-
tion vol. 2 (1993), pp. 2153–54. Quotations are from this edition.
45 James Olney, “Four Quartets: ‘Folden in a Single Party’,” in Modern Critical
Views: T.S. Eliot, ed. Harold Bloom (New York: Chelsea House Publishers,
1985) pp. 31–41, at p. 34.
46 Al-Baymtl, “First Symphony of the Fifth Dimension,” Love, Death and Exile,
trans. Frangieh, p. 247.
47 Al-Baymtl, “Aisha’s Mad Lover,” XIII in Love, Death and Exile, trans. Frangieh,
p. 93.
48 See Jabra, “Modern Arabic Literature and the West,” p. 13.
49 Tawflq al-Xmyigh published his translation in 1970, see Rubm‘iymt arba‘(Four
Quartets), (Beirut: Al-Khml Ikhwmn, 1970).
50 Jay, “Ghost and Roses,” Modern Critical Views, pp. 103–119, at p. 115.
51 Al-Baymtl, “nlad wa-a.tarig bi-.ubbl,” “I am Born and Burn in My Love,” See
Al-Baymtl, Love, Death and Exile, trans., Frangieh, p. 201. Poems are available in
English and Arabic in this collection.
8 CONCLUSION: DEVIATIONAL AND REVERSAL
POETICS—DISSENT, NOT ALLEGIANCE
1 Michel Foucault, The Order of Things: An Archaeology of the Human Sciences
(New York: Random House-Vintage Books, 1970), p. 20.
2 Philip Kennedy, The Wine Song in Classical Arabic Poetry: AbnNuwms and the Literary
Tradition(Oxford: Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford University Press, 1997).
3 Trans. Reynold A. Nicholson, from Ibn Qutaybah, Kitab al-shi‘r wa-al-shu‘arm’,
ed. M. J. de Goeje (Leiden: Brill, 1904), pp. 14–15, in A Literary History of
the Arabs, 1907, reprint (Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press,
1969), pp. 77–78; also cited in Suzanne P. Stetkevych, The Poetics of Islamic