558 ENTREPRENEURSHIP
groups in general and work groups in partic-
ular, see J. R. Hackman (ed.), Groups That
Work (and Those That Don’t)(San Francisco:
Jossey-Bass, 1990); M. Shaw, Group
Dynamics: The Psychology of Small Group
Behavior,3rd ed. (New York: McGraw-Hill,
1991); J. Simpson, W. Wood, and S. Worchel
(eds.), Group Processes and Productivity
(Newbury Park, CA: Sage 1991).
- G. Dess, “Consensus on Strategy Formula-
tion and Organizational Performance: Com-
petitors in a Fragmented Industry,” Strategic
Management Journal8, 1987: 259–77. - J. Covin and D. Slevin, “Creating and Main-
taining High Performance Teams.” In J.
Kasarda and D. Sexton (eds.), The State of the
Art of Entrepreneurship(Boston: PWS-Kent,
1992): 358–86. - G. Parker, Team Players and Teamwork: The
New Competitive Business Strategy (San
Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1990). - R. Black, L. Michaelson, and W. Watson, “A
Realistic Test of Individual versus Group
Consensus Decision Making,” Journal of
Applied Psychology74, 1989: 834–39. - See S. Robbins, Organizational Behavior,6th
ed. (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall,
1993): chapter 10. - Bird, 1989.
- Timmons, 1990.
- Robbins, 1993.
- See C. Leanea. “A Partial Test of Janis’
Groupthink Model: Effects of Group Cohe-
siveness and Leader Behavior on Defective
Decision Making,” Journal of Management,
Spring 1985: 5–17; J. Montanari and G.
Morehead, “An Empirical Investigation into
the Groupthink Phenomenon,” Human
Relations,May 1986: 339–410. - N. Kogen and M. Wallach, “Risk Taking as a
Function of the Situation, the Person and the
Group.” In New Directions in Psychology,vol. 3
(New York: Holt, Reinhart and Winston,
1967). - An excellent Web-site discussion of the for-
mation of boards and management of top
executives can be found at http://www.man-
agementhelp.org/boards/boards.htm.
Retrieved from the Web March 5, 2007. - C. McCabe, “Entrepreneur’s Notebook: The
Value of Expert Advice,” Nation’s Business,
November 1992: 9. - A. Bruno, W. Bygrave, J. Rothstein, and N.
Taylor, “The CEO, Venture Capitalists and
the Board,” Journal of Business Venturing,
March 1993: 99–113.
- K. Scannell and D. Reilly, “Small Firms’
Sarbanes Suffering?” The Wall Street Journal,
April 6, 2006: C1. Also for a full report see
the SEC’s Web site. For the accounting pro-
fession’s requirements, see http://
http://www.kpmg.de/library/pdf/040413_SOX404
_PCAOB_Requirements_en.pdf. - Collins and Porras, 1997. This section will
apply the book’s results to new venture issues
and rely on the Collins and Porras text. - M. Meyer, “Here’s a ‘Virtual’ Model for
America’s Industrial Giants,” Newsweek,
August 23, 1993: 32. - A. Byrne, “The Virtual Corporation,”
Business Week,February 8, 1993: 98–102. - “Virtual Corporations: Fast and Focused,”
Business Week,February 8, 1993: 134. - M. Granovetter, “Economic Action and So-
cial Structure: The Problem of Embedded-
ness,” American Journal of Sociology91, 1985:
481–510. - H. Aldrich and P. Dubini, “Personal and Ex-
tended Networks Are Central to the Entre-
preneurial Process,” Journal of Business
Venturing6, 1991: 305–313. - We use the terms networking, partnering, joint
ventures, and alliances interchangeably to
make the text more readable. Sometimes dis-
tinctions are made between these different
forms based on ownership, control, number
of participants, and other factors. - K. Harrigan, Managing for Joint Venture
Success(Lexington, MA: Lexington Books,
1986). - B. Wysocki, “U.S. Incubators Help Japan
Hatch Ideas,” The Wall Street Journal,June
12, 2000: A1. - Aldrich and Dubini, 1991.
- Aldrich and Dubini, 1991.
- A. Hirschman, Exit, Voice, and Loyalty
(Cambridge: Harvard University Press,
1972). - M. Granovetter, “The Strength of Weak
Ties,” American Journal of Sociology78, 1973:
1360–80. - S. Birley, “The Role of Networks in the
Entrepreneurial Process,” Journal of Business
Venturing1, 1985: 107–117; B. Johannison,
“New Venture Creation: A Network
Approach,” Frontiers of Entrepreneurial
Research (Wellesley, MA: Babson College,
1986).