Muhammad: Victory and DeathDuring the 103rd month after the Hijra, the Banu Thaqif is repo^218 rted to
have accepted Islam.^219
In the 105th month after the Hijra, one of the alleged leaders of the
hypocrites, Abdullah b. Ubayy, died. According to canonical traditions, Muhammad had Ibn Ubayy's corpse removed from the grave, place^220 d it on his knees, breathed on it, placed his saliva on it and dresse^221 d it in his own shirt. Canonical hadith also report that Muhammad's family^222 would breathe on their hands and wave them over an ill person while reciting parts of the Qur'an, and the use of saliva as a treatment for illness^223 is also docu- mented. The Qur'an itself (12:93) shows that the shirt of Jos^224 eph was believed to have instrumentally brought healing to Jacob. Nothing of this sort, however, is reported to have taken place in Ibn Ubayy's case, and many traditions give varying accounts, which generally depict either Ibn Ubayy (on his deathbed), or Ibn Ubayy's son as requesting that Muhammad clothe the corpse with his shirt and perform the funeral prayers.Umar^225
appears to have been against praying for Ibn Ubayy from the outset, and
Qur'an 9:81, 85 are said to have been revealed on this occasion.^226
Qur'an 9Qur'an 9Qur'an 9Qur'an 9 is the only sura missing the basmala. The first 30-^227 40 verses of
this sura are said to have been read by `Ali at the Hajj in 9 AH. The vv.^228
1f declare that there is no compulsion on polytheists who had made a treaty
with Muhammad previously, but a four month period of grace would be
given for the other polytheists, after which those persisting in polytheism
were to be killed. The vv. 18f state that only those who believe in Allah and
the Resurrection, who perform the prayer, give alms and fear Allah alone,
are permitted to visit the mosque (in Mecca). The vv. 20f say that those
who emigrated and participated in the fight have a high position with Allah
and will go to Paradise. The v. 23 commands not to have unbelievers as
friends, and v. 24 maintains that pagans are not to fear for a lack of
business. The v. 25 refers to the battle of Hunayn, and in v. 26 it is claimed
that the Shechinah was sent down upon Muhammad and the Muslims, and
angels are also said to have been sent to fight alongside them. The v. 27
states that God turns whom He will to repentance, and v. 28 declares that
the pagans are unclean, but that they were allowed to hold the pilgrimage in
that year only. The v. 29 commands to fight the Jews and Christians until
they pay the "jizya," v. 30 makes the claim that the Jews accept Ezra as
God's son and the Christians accept Jesus as God's Son; both^229 Jews and
Christians are then cursed. The v. 31 maintains that rabbis and monks were