- Roland Greene,“Calling Colin Clout,”Spenser Studies 10 ( 1992 ), 229 – 44 ( 234 ).
- A. W. Barnes,“Constructing the Sexual Subject of John Skelton,”ELH 71
( 2004 ), 29 – 51.
12 .The Bowge of Courtewas printed in 1499 : Helen Stearns Sale,“The Date of
Skelton’sBowge of Court,”MLN 52 ( 1937 ), 572 – 74. Greg Walker has persua-
sively argued that it was written in that year:John Skelton and the Politics of the
1520 s(Cambridge, 1988 ), 13. Melvin J. Tucker,“Setting in Skelton’sBowge of
Courte: A Speculation,”ELN 7 ( 1970 ), 168 – 75 , and F. W. Brownlow,“The
Date ofThe Bowge of Courteand Skelton’s Authorship of‘A Lamentable of
Kyng Edward the IIII,’”ELN 22 ( 1984 ), 12 – 20 , claim an earlier date, chieflyon
the basis of astrological interpretation of the opening chronographia. I concur
with Walker: astrological dating, as he points out, is vulnerable to the charge
that the chronographia is a thematic device, not an external pointer to actual
time and date ( 11 ). Furthermore, the astrological evidence, as Tucker concedes,
fits 1499 as well as 1480. - A. R. Heiserman,Skelton and Satire(Chicago, 1961 ), 63. On conventions, see
John Scattergood,“Insecurity in Skelton’sBowge of Courte,”Genres, Themes
and Images in English Literature from the Fourteenth to the Fifteenth Century. The
J. A. W. Bennett Memorial Lectures, Perugia, 1986 , ed. Piero Boitani and Anna
Torti (Tübingen, 1988 ), 186 – 209. - See Stanley Fish,John Skelton’s Poetry(New Haven, 1965 ), 15 ; Alistair Fox,
Politics and Literature in the Reigns of Henry VII and Henry VIII(Oxford, 1989 ),
26 ; and cf. Nelson,John Skelton, 81. Fox,Politics and Literature, deduces
Skelton’s own discontent with a court that he seems, for whatever reason, to
have left soon after the poem was printed ( 26 ). - Sydney Anglo,“Ill of the Dead: The Posthumous Reputation of Henry VII,”
Renaissance Studies 1 ( 1987 ), 27 – 47. - Sir Robert Clifford, a probable informer, was paid £ 500 : Ian Arthurson,
“Espionage and Intelligence from the Wars of the Roses to the
Reformation,”Nottingham Medieval Studies 35 ( 1991 ), 134 – 54 ( 143 – 44 ). For
Henry VII’s reign, Arthurson points out that“In the main payments to spies
are found before 1499 ”( 144 ). On the Stanley conspiracy, see W. E. J. Archbold,
“Sir William Stanley and Perkin Warbeck,”EHR 14 ( 1899 ), 529 – 34. - David Starkey,The Reign of Henry VIII: Personalities and Politics(London, 1991 ),
25 – 26 ; on the Privy Chamber under Henry VII, see, too, David Starkey,“Intimacy
and Innovation: The Rise of the Privy Chamber, 1485 – 1547 ,”The English Court,
ed. David Starkeyet al. 72 – 76 .S.J.Gunn,“The Courtiers of Henry VII”points
out that a privy chamber is already mentioned in 1493 :EHR 108 ( 1993 ), 23 – 49 ( 38
note 4 ). See, however, David Grummitt,“Household, Politics and Political
Morality in the Reign of Henry VII,”Historical Research 82 ( 2009 ), 393 – 411 ( 400
note 26 ), which re-evaluates the connection with the Stanley conspiracy.
18 .The Statutes of the Realm: Printed from Original Records and Authentic
Manuscripts, ed. A. Luders, Sir T. E. Tomlins and J. France et al., 11 vols. in
12 (London, 1810 – 28 ; rpt. London, 1963 ),ii, 521 – 22 ; J. R. Lander,Government
and Community: England, 1450 – 1509 (Cambridge, MA, 1980 ), 334.
190 Notes to Pages 44 – 46