A, E, N, P (?).
Alabanda (mod. Araphisar; 37 ̊ 38 ’ N, 27 ̊ 57 ’ E): old Karian city upstream from Tralleis;
sacked by Philip V of Macedon ca 200 BCE (P, Book 16, fr.24), and allied with
Rome by ca 170 BCE. PECS 28 – 29, G.E. Bean; OCD3 49, W.M. Calder and S. Sherwin-
White; BAGRW 61-F2; BNP 1 (2002) 418, H. Kaletsch.
H.
Alexandria “near Egypt” (31 ̊ 12 ’ N, 29 ̊ 55 ’ E): founded by Alexander of Macedon,
332/331 BCE; under Ptolemy I became the capital of the Ptolemaic Empire, and a center
of commerce. Ptolemy placed his library in a shrine to the Muses, the “Mouseion” (with its
scholars nearby), and his successors vigorously augmented the collection, by confiscating,
copying, and translating. Ptolemy VIII expelled the librarian and scholars in 145/144 BCE
(Ath., Deipn. 4 [83]), after which the librarianship was a sinecure for courtiers; the scholars
turned to the systematic study and criticism of existing literature. The acquisitions policy
had encouraged forgeries, and debates about authenticity occupied them. Much damaged
by C’s conquest, 49– 48 BCE; and in the Jewish revolt (“Kitos” War) of 115– 117 CE
(cf. Cyprus, Edessa, Kure ̄ne ̄, and Nisibis). Again damaged in wars and riots of the 3rd c.
CE; later Christian riots destroyed more. Taken by the Sasanians 618– 628 CE. PECS 36 – 38,
S. Shenouda; ODB 60 – 61, P. Grossman and L.S.B. MacCoull; OCD3 61 – 62, D.W. Rathbone;
BAGRW 74-B2; BNP 1 (2002) 496–498, K. Jansen-Winkeln; EJ2 1.632, A. Tcherikover.
Some of these about 80 people may have been born or educated outside of Alexandria; cf.
Athens.
A I, A P (?), A, A, A,
A, A (2), A, A, A, C-
C, D, D (3), D (A.)(?), D,
D P, D, D, E, E,
E, G, H, H, H (2), H-
, H, H, H (?), H, H, I (?),
I, I P, I (?), K, K, K-
, K, K (?), L (2), M, M (?), M-
, M, M, O, O (2?), O,
P, P, P, P, P, P, P,
P, P, P, P, P (?), S,
S (2), S, S, S, S (2?), S,
T, T (3), T , T (S), T,
T (?), T, U (?), Z.
Alexandria Troas (mod. Eskistanbul/Eski Stambul or Dalyanköy; 39 ̊ 46 ’ N, 26 ̊ 09 ’ E):
coastal city opposite Tenedos, built by Antigonos ca 310 – 305 BCE as Antigoneia and soon
renamed by L to Alexandria. Built up by A, and in the 2nd c. CE.
PECS 39, C. Bayburtluog ̆lu; OCD3 62, St. Mitchell; BAGRW 56-C2; BNP 1 (2002) 498 (#2),
E. Schwertheim.
H, Q.
Amaseia (mod. Amasya; 40 ̊ 39 ’ N, 35 ̊ 50 ’ E): inland city of Pontos, founded ca 300 BCE,
and the kingdom’s capital until 183 BCE, when the capital became Sino ̄pe ̄. An important
city of the succeeding client kingdoms; the nearest port was Amisos. PECS 47, D.R. Wilson;
OCD3 69, St. Mitchell; BAGRW 87-A4; BNP 1 (2002) 560, E. Olshausen.
S.
Amida (mod. Diyarbakır; 37 ̊ 59 ’ N, 40 ̊ 13 ’ E): city at the upper navigable limit of the
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