1254 Index
gold (continued)
economy 345–346
metallurgy 678, 679, 683f,
684 f, 685, 687, 687f
mining, quarrying, and
salt making 741, 743
money and coinage 752,
755
science 949
weights and measures
1182
Golden Fleece 247
goldsmiths 687–688
gold thread 274
gongs 768
Good Goddess 469
goosefoot 48
Gortyn, Law Code of 635–636
Gothic alphabet 1189
Goths 731
government organization
507–543
Africa 508–511
Americas 534–539, 536f
Asia and the Pacifi c
519–524
cities 221
economy 368–369
Egypt 511–514
Europe 524–526
Greece 526–530, 539–541
Middle East 514–519, 516m
Rome 530–534, 541–542
social organization 1025
governors
government organization
514
migration and population
movements 716
Gracchus, Gaius 879
Graeco-Roman Period
286–288
graffi ti
roads and bridges 884, 885
writing 1191
graft ing 36, 41
grain law 480
grains. See also specifi c grains,
e.g.: millet
Africa 19
agriculture 21, 25, 38,
40–41, 47
economy 368
food and diet 479
money and coinage 755
occupations 809
storage and preservation
1061, 1065
trade and exchange 1103
weights and measures
1178–1179
granaries
economy 357–358
storage and preservation
1063, 1063f, 1064, 1066,
1068, 1069
Gran Chaco 268
granite 743
granulation technique 118
grapes
agriculture 38, 41, 42, 45
climate and geography 260
grave goods. See also mortu-
ary goods
death and burial practices
315, 316, 318, 319, 321,
322
household goods 566
religion and cosmology
862–863
grave pit 314f
g raves 318, 319, 321
gravestones 319
graywacke 743
Great Edict of Horemheb 623
Great Flood 648–649
Great Goddess 120, 121
Great Harris Papyrus 347f
Great Lakes 265
Great Lance 121–122
Great Lyre 99
Great Mica Grave 322
Great Migration 794
Great Mother goddess 469
Great Plains 265
Great Pyramid (Giza)
architecture 57–58
astronomy 124
building techniques and
materials 153, 154
death and burial practices
314
empires and dynasties 392
resistance and dissent 871
science 928
Great Pyramid (La Venta) 83
Great Sphinx of Giza 58
Great Stupa (Sanchi, India)
art 102
building techniques and
materials 155–156
sacred sites 902
Great Temple of Ramses II
153
Great Tomb Robbery 624
Great Wall of China
architecture 67–68
borders and frontiers 139
military 730
scandals and corruption
913
Great Zimbabwe
astronomy 124
empires and dynasties 388
Greco-Roman Period 396
Greece. See also Athens
adornment 11–12, 11f
agriculture 36–40, 37f
architecture 73–77, 76f
a r t 110 –114, 111f
astronomy 130–132,
136–137
borders and frontiers
14 6 –147, 14 6f
building techniques and
materials 158–160, 159f
calendars and clocks
170–171
ceramics and pottery
182–183, 182f
children 194–196, 195f,
199–200
cities 222–226, 224m
climate and geography
252, 256–260, 271
clothing and footwear 272,
273, 279–281, 280f
craft s 292–293
crime and punishment
296, 302–303
death and burial practices
319–320, 319f
drama and theater 327–
328, 334–335, 334f
economy 362–366
education 382–384
empires and dynasties
387–388, 409–413, 424
employment and labor
431–432
exploration 436, 442–443
family 454–456, 455f
festivals 468–469
food and diet 479–480,
480 f
foreigners and barbarians
488–490
gender structures and roles
500–501, 500f, 506
government organization
526–530, 539–541
health and disease 552–
553, 553f, 559–560
household goods 567–568,
567 f
hunting, fi shing, and gath-
ering 578–580, 579f
illumination 589–590
inventions 600–601
language 613, 616–618
laws and legal codes 628–
629, 635–636
literature 655–660,
672–673
metallurgy 684–685
migration and population
movements 710–715,
723–724
military 732–734, 738–739
mining, quarrying, and
sa lt ma k i ng 747–749
money and coinage
759–760
music and musical instru-
ments 769–770
natural disasters 780–781
numbers and counting
803–805
occupations 814–816
pandemics and epidemics
825–827
religion and cosmology
853–857
resistance and dissent
877–879
roads and bridges 889–890
sacred sites 904–905
scandals and corruption
915–916, 919–920
science 937–941, 950–951
seafaring and navigation
957–959, 958f
settlement patterns
970–971
ships and shipbuilding
980–981
slaves and slavery 991–
993, 997–998
social collapse and aban-
donment 1005–1006
social organization 1031–
1035
sports and recreation
1054–1055, 1058–1059
storage and preservation
1067–1069
textiles and needlework
1081–1082
towns and villages 1092–
1093
trade and exchange 1103,
1105, 1108–1109
t ra nspor tat ion 1117–1118
war and conquest 1145–
1149
weaponry and armor
1168–1169
weights and measures
1179–1180
writing 1189–1190
Greek alphabet
education 383
writing 1189
Greek language 413
Greenberg, Joseph 720
Gregorian calendar 168
Gregory XIII (pope) 165, 171,
172
grid lines 94
grids 803
grid systems 1093
grinding stones 561, 562, 570
griot 328
groma 160
guanaco. See llamas
guano 949
Gucheng 216
Guila Naquitz cave 295
guild militias 730
guilds
craft s 290, 293
drama and theater 331
money and coinage 757
guinea pig 47
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