Subject Index 665overview, 585–586
personal transformation and, 589–590
strength and, 586–587
Peace Brigades International (PBI), 589
Pearl Harbor, 399
Perception, selective, 313–314
Perceptual fluency, 362
Persian Gulf war, 603
Personal contract, 541
Personal-group discrimination discrepancy (PGDD), 527
Personality:
psychodynamic models of, 117, 130
core assumptions, 117–118
developmental issues, 117
Freud’s cognitive revolution, 128–129
integrative models, contemporary, 124
issues, personality theory, 124 –127
neo-analytic models, 122–123
neuroscience, opportunities/challenges in, 130
object relations theory, 123
pathology, levels of, 127
psychoanalytic health psychology, 129–130
psychoanalytic theory, classical, 119–121
researcher/practitioner split, 128
self psychology, 123–124
testing theories, 128
biological bases of
overview, 85–86, 107–109, 152
personality traits, 86–107
temperament, 86–88
cultural perspectives on
cross-cultural psychology, 35– 41
cultural psychology, 41–50
social psychology, 31–35
emotional-motivation aspects of, 144 –145, 147–148
future directions in theory, 151–156
language-cognitive aspects of, 144, 148
multilevel nature of, 151
PB definition of, 147
plasticity and continuity in, 150–151
principles of, 150
sensorimotor aspects of, 145–146, 148–149
theory in the field, state of, 140 –143
traits
defined, 149 –150
family model, 248–252
five-dimensional (5-D) model, 231, 233, 234, 235–237
hierarchical and complex structures, 242–248
linear approach to, 237–242
overview, 231–232, 252
questionnaires and, 231, 232–234
See also Political psychology, personality and; Self-regulation,
personality and
Personality: A Psychological Interpretation, 607
Personality Adjective Check List (PACL), 615
Personality and Politics, 600, 602, 605, 607
“Personality in the Study of Politics,” 602
Personality tests, measurement and, 153–155.
See also specific tests
Personology, 3–5
abstraction, predilections of, 24 –28
accommodation, ecological, 14 –17
life enhancement and, 9–11, 12 –14
life preservation and, 9–12, 14
modification, ecological, 14 –15, 17–18in other sciences, 3–8
personality styles, 6 (see also under specific styles)
reproduction and, 18–24
Persuasion, 364
ELM and, 358–359
self-, 366 –369
Persuasive-arguments theory, 400
Phase diagram, 199–201
Phenomenology, 606 –607
Phylogenesis, 6, 24
Picture Arrangement Test (PAT), Tomkins-Horn, 524–525
Place:
identification, 435
theories of, 434–435
Plasticity, behavioral, 333
Pleasure:
enhancement, 12–14
principle, 162, 163, 167
Pleiotropism, biological/statistical, 63–64
Point attractor. SeeAttractors
Polarization, 354, 406– 407
attitude, 314
cognitive, 620
group, 399–400, 402
other-self, 619 – 620
passive-active, 618– 619
Political Ideology, 600
Political psychology, personality and, 599 – 601, 605 – 606
assessment, 613 – 615
causal analysis, developmental, 612
Cold War era, 602–603
conceptual problems, 606 –609
filters, experiential, 615– 617
functional attributes, 611–612
future of, 609
models
strategic modalities, 617– 620
tactical modalities, 620 – 621
new world order, 603
obstacles, 603–605
overview, 621– 622
postwar era, 601– 602
risk analysis, 612
situational variables, 615–617
structural attributes, 610 –611
Positron-emission tomography (PET), 130
biological bases of personality and, 89, 92, 95, 97, 103
Power, social, 385–386
The Power Motive, 602
Power and Personality, 600, 602
Powers, William, 189
Pragmatist, 620
Preconscious, explanation of, 119–120
Predictability, desire for, 273 –274
Prejudice:
psychology of, 508–524
victims of, psychology and, 508, 524 –530
Premenstrual tension syndrome (PMTS), 528
Priming:
affective, 362
attitude and, 305, 308
automatic social cognition and, 266–267
social cognition and, 256
The Prince, 600
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