sadness 251
samadhi (concentration) 185, 240, 241
samsara 190, 219, 223
science 13, 23, 66, 142, 235, 236
Self 47, 91, 112, 133, 158, 187, 188, 203,
227;
as alter ego 49;
archetype of 7, 70;
assimilation of the ego as psychic
catastrophe 48;
authentic 112;
awakening 32, 33, 34, 35, 41;
beyond the separate 99;
Big Self 203;
Buddhist conceptions of 28, 91, 159,
177;
centralization 231;
common 112;
as conjunction of opposites 126;
as conscious and unconscious 108;
consciousness of 108, 187;
defining 208, 209, 213;
development 159, 232;
dysregulation of the sense of 192, 194;
and the ego 47, 55, 120, 124, 201, 207,
211, 227;
emptiness 177;
essenceless 177;
fixed image of 92, 94;
formless/substanceless 30, 32, 112, 113,
129;
fundamental 112;
higher 53, 54;
individuation of 48, 49, 212;
interdependence on the other 72;
isolation of 230;
Japanese recognition 7;
Jungian conception 48;
and the manas-consciousness 223;
as not-Self 190;
psychoanalytic conception of 93;
in psychotherapy 159;
and religion 215;
and suffering 30, 68;
time-free 209, 214;
transcendence of 233;
true 112, 113;
unfolding of through the ego 214;
unknown nature of 108;
Western conception of 92, 93;
wider 54, 54;
in Zen Buddhism 112, 113, 154;
see also non-self
self-analysis 134
self-attachment 223, 226, 228, 229, 230, 231
self-control 241
self-denial 120, 121, 122, 124, 160
self-emancipation 33, 37
self-observation method, artificial/natural
239
self-reflection 25
‘selfish’ gene 67
selflessness 92, 93;
see also No-self;
non-self
separation-individuation 92
separation-integration 93
shadow 208, 209
Shingon Buddhism 170
sila (cultivation of moral rules) 185
social location, of Buddhism 169, 173, 174,
180
Soto sect of Zen Buddhism 4, 7
soul making 212
spiritual bypassing 158
spiritual communities 147
spiritual crises 66
splitting, archetypal 139
stillness 249
stress reduction 149
subject-object duality 70, 76
subjectivity 48, 91, 190;
fundamental 31, 33;
mastering 76
subpersonalities, integration 213
suffering 29, 31, 32, 34, 38, 40, 54, 120, 201,
203, 237;
alleviation through Buddhism 3, 5, 6, 8,
16, 63, 68, 69, 72, 74, 171, 219, 220,
228, 230, 233;
alleviation through psychotherapy 3, 5,
6, 8, 16, 30, 32, 63, 110, 128, 185, 192;
attitudes to 111;
as biologically determined 65, 67;
causes 231, 233;
conscious attitudes to 111;SUBJECT INDEX 271