Chapter 3 | The Building of Paimio Sanatoriumgrates for the steam boilers that would allow the burning of wood as an alternative
fuel.^945 The boiler room was located in a separate building.^946
Two centrifugal pumps were used in the heating pipes to generate circulation,
both alone sufficient for the entire institution. They were to be noiseless and they were
placed in a separate room.^947
As per the plan, 1,750 square metres of water and 29 square metres of steam radi-
ators, 631 square meters of water and 24 square metres of steam radiators, and 274
square metres of water and 22 square metres of steam radiators were installed in the
sanatorium building, the central building and the service building, respectively.^948
945 Building Committee August 21, 1931, Section 4. PSA.
946 The boilers were cast-iron boilers enclosed in brickwork. Each had 100 square metres of heating surface. In
addition, the boiler room housed two steam boilers, with six atmospheres of operating pressure and 50 square
metres of heating surface each. The steam distributor and the pressure relief valve were housed in the boiler
centre. The centre also housed a steam water tank. Specifications of the water, sewage and heating systems, p. 7.
Specifications, cost calculations and contracts. PSA.
947 The pumps were equipped with stop valves and their joint inlet and pressure tube with thermo metres and pres-
sure gauges. The pumps were powered by directly coupled electric motors. In case of potential power failures,
one centrifugal pump was directly coupled with a combustion engine, with capacity for similar quantity of water
as the electrical pumps. The pumps were housed in a pump room, where a marble control panel was also located.
The control panel included thermometres showing water temperature in supply and return pipes, the electric for
the resistors for the electric motors, switches, a recording ammeter and fuses as well as pressure gauges for
the different pipes. The plant was divided into groups with stop valves, with one main group for each building.
Each vertical pipeline was equipped with a stop valve and drain cock. The expansion pipes were based on a
double-tube system. The expansion-tank was placed at the highest possible point in the attic in a heat-insulated
shelter, which prevented the water in the tank from freezing. The pipe system was bled through the bleed valve
in the radiators. Ibidem, pp. 7–9.
948 Each patient room in the south wing of A building was installed with Rayard radiator heaters in the ceiling, to-
gether with the necessary insulation. The dining hall and certain places in the offices were also designed to have
Rayard radiators. The entrance lobby would be installed with steel panel radiators, Simplex models under the
windows and additionally Värtsilä’s steel panel radiators on the wall. The corridors would be fitted with Simplex
radiators and the staircases with Värtsilä steel panel radiators. The lavatories and bathrooms would be heated
with four-inch radiator pipes running from the ceiling to the floor. The sundeck corridor would be fitted with Sim-
plex radiators as well as steam radiators on the opposite wall for drying out clothes warn on the sundeck. For the
same purpose similar steam radiators would be installed at the end of the corridor on each floor. Steam radiators
would also be installed in the ground-floor bathroom for summertime heating and the washroom on the same
floor, to dry out urine bottles. In the B wing, the most common type were Värtsilä’s steel panel radiators, while the
sauna was fitted with cast-iron “Siro” radiators and the operating theatre with Hospital radiators underneath the
windows as well as steam radiators on the interior wall, which also served as summertime heaters. The dining hall
and workshop were fitted with Rayard radiators on the ceiling. The lounge was fitted with low cast-iron radiators
underneath the windows. The dining hall was fitted with additional steam radiators in between windows to heat
the air, as the cavity between the windows was designed for plants. In the C wing, the most common type was
Simplex radiator, while the laundry was fitted with cast-iron Siro radiators. Ibidem, pp. 9–11.