Music Listening, Music Therapy, Phenomenology and Neuroscience

Appendix 3.01 Survey of The Neurosciences and Music I

• Conference 2002

Title, Category

Aim

Mus. Material, Cultural Ref.

Technology & Procedure

Main focus of interest

Conclusion

17P. Dahl & Granqvist (161

-165)

Estimating Internal Drift and Tempo Drift

Cat

. 4: Tempo
18P. Dalla Bella & Peretz (166

-169)

Congenital Amusia and Synchronization

Cat

. 4: Timing
Cat. 11: Deficit 19P. De Baene et al.
(170

-172)

Roughness Perception by Mismatch Negativity (MMN) paradigm

Cat

. 3: Complex sounds
20P. Hyde & Peretz (173

-176)

Congenital amusia

Cat

. 1: Pitch
Cat. 11: Def

icit

To investigate the extent to which a continuous tempo drift is perceivable To examine whether persons with congenital amusia are also impaired in timing tasks

Neural correlates of roughness perception

Perceptual deficit underlying

congenital amusia (”tone deafness”)

Click sequences, increasing or decreasing tempo

CR: Neutral Recordings:

Ravel’s

Bolero,

Instrumental

folk music, Bee

Gees:

Stayin’ A

live.

Isochronous sequences of noise bursts

CR: Western, Western popular

, Neutral

Single tones.

Standard

stimulus: Pure tone 1000 Hz. Deviant stimulus: Same tone amplitude modulated, different roughness

CR: Neutral Five

-tone sequences.

Tones synthesized in a piano timbre CR: Western

7 subjects did 3 listening sessions.

Method for

Parameter Estimation by Sequential Testing (PEST)

8 amusic

person

s, 9 controls.

Task:

Tap in time to the

auditory stimuli: Music or isochronous (in regular tempo) sequences of noise bursts. 6 different tempi Event

-Related Potentials

(ERP

): MMN at

Fz (Midline

frontal electrode) and co-occurring Mismatch positivity (MMP) at the mastoid electrodes

.

The

mastoid is

the rounded

protrusion of bone just behind the ear

10 amusic persons, 10 controls. Task: I

n a five

-tone

sequence, detect a

change in

constant pitch or isochronous sequence

Is there such a thing as an internal representation of a ”steady tempo”?

Comparing tapping performance of amusic persons and control participants

Oddball paradigm: Neural reflections of deviant tones in an ina

ttentive condition,

watching silent movie

Perception of pitch change and time change in amusic persons and control group

Internal drift is consistent within subjects, differs between subjects

Amusic subjects have difficulty in synchronizing with music, but no difficulty in synchronizing with regular noise bursts

Roughness is reflected by the MMP at the mastoid electrodes in the inattentive condition

Amusic adults have an auditory perceptual deficit in discriminating pitch but not time

changes