Music Listening, Music Therapy, Phenomenology and Neuroscience

Appendix 3.02 Survey of The Neurosciences a

nd Music I

I

Conference 2005

From Perception to Performance

Part VII. Emotion in Music

10 papers

Title, Categ

ory

Aim

Mus. Material, Cultural Ref.

Technology & Procedure

Main focus of interest

Conclusion

44.

Koelsch (412

-418)

Investigating emotion with music

Cat. 19: Emotion

45.

Samson & Peretz (419

• 
  

428)

Prior exposure e

ffe

cts on

music liking

Cat. 11: Deficit Cat. 19: Preference

*46.

Bigand et al.

(429

-437)

Time course of emotional responses to music

Cat. 8: Musicians Cat. 19: Emotion

Review of functional imaging studies on the investigation of emotion with musi

c

To examine the contribution of the right and left

medial

temporal lobes

to musical

preference and recognition

To investigate the time course of emotional responses to music

Different kinds of musical material in reviewed research. 20 reference

s

CR:

---

Presentation of 20 familiar and 20 unfamiliar melodic excerpts

(SNI)

CR: Western

Recorded music:

1) 27 excerpts of classical nonvocal music, 1 or 25 sec

.

chosen to illustrate a variety of emotions

.

2) excerpts of classical and pop/rock m

usic

, 250 msec. to

20 sec.

CR: Western / W. popular

Mainly fMRI and PET. Also included: EEG and physiological measures: cardiac, vascular,

electro-

dermal

and respiratory

functions

Test: The 40 studied melodies were mixed with 40 nonstudied ones.

Task 1

: Rate liking on

a 10-

point scale. Task 2: Rate if

melody

was heard before on

a 10-

point scale

Groups of musically trained and untrained listeners.

1) Task: To group excerpts that convey a similar emotional meaning

2) Task: To differentiate between ”hig

hly moving” and

”less moving” music

Invol

vement of cerebral

struc

tures during the

processing of pleasant and unpleasant music, unexpected harmonies and emotional changes over time

After surgical treatment of epilepsy: Effects of right temporal lobe (RT

L) resection

(n=19) vs.

left temporal lobe

(LTL)

resection (n=

18).

Control group (n=16)

1a)

Correlation of emotional

responses b

etween

participants

. 1b) Time

required for response

2) Time required for differentiation

Processing of music with emotional valence involves a number of limbic and paralimbic structures. Synaptic processes may be excitatory or inhibitory

Suggestion: RTL struc

tures

play a critical role in the formation of melody representations. LTL structures are more involved in the explicit retrieval of melodies

1) Highly correlated matrices of emotional similarity.

No difference

between

musicians and

non-

mus

icians.

1-2) Less than 1 sec. of music is enough to instill elaborated emotional responses in listeners