The Economist March 12th 2022 Europe 45
France’spresidentialrace
Le Pen, again
T
hisis theheartofFrance’schampagne
country,butnovineyardorchateauis
tobeseen.Instead,a processionofa dozen
shinynavybluebusespullsupoutsidean
angularconcreteconventioncentreonthe
outskirtsofthecathedralcity ofReims.
Onebyone,theydisgorgeflagwavingsup
porters,whohavetravelledfromacrossthe
country.Onthesideofeachbusisa giant
fullcolourportraitoftheirchampion,and
justtwowords:Marineprésidente.
Timewas,leadersoftheFrenchfarright
moved about incognito. It is a measure of
how far the nationalistpopulist Marine Le
Pen has become an accepted political fig
ure that, ahead of the presidential election
on April 10th and 24th, she advertises her
travels and those of her fans. “She’s a brave,
respectful, honest woman, who has very
French convictions and values,” declares a
pensioner, stepping off the bus from
southern France for the day, as the gather
ing crowd breaks into a rendition of La
Marseillaise. “She’s the only option to save
our country today.”
With just a month to go before the two
round vote, this year’s election is fast turn
ing into a race to take on Mr Macron in the
runoff. On March 9th The Economist’s fore
casting model gave the sitting president a
99% probability of reaching the second
round. Four candidates currently stand a
chance of meeting him there, among them
the centreright Republicans’ Valérie Pé
cresse, the farright Eric Zemmour and the
hardleft JeanLuc Mélenchon. Currently,
the most likely contender is Ms Le Pen.
Mr Macron roundly defeated Ms Le Pen
in the runoff in 2017, patiently exposing
her as illprepared in their televised de
bate. This time, offstage ahead of her rally
in Reims, Ms Le Pen comes across as a more
poised and sharper figure, hardened per
haps by two previous presidential defeats.
She insists on the “thorough” policy detail
her teams have worked on, covering
themes from energy to taxation, and no
longer plans to ditch the euro, a past policy
that proved unpopular.
The point of the buses is to show that
Ms Le Pen is in touch with people on the
ground. As she strides on stage in Reims
later that day, before 4,000 supporters
chanting “Marine! Marine!”, the politician
who grew up in a mansion outside Paris
tries to show that she has lived like them
too. After supplying redmeat promises to
“save France” from foreign perils, she fin
isheswithanunusually folksy tale: of her
struggles as a single mother, her parents’
divorce and the bomb attack she endured
on her childhood home. “I understand suf
fering,” she claims.
Ms Le Pen spews out plenty of
nationalist rhetoric, vowing to end the le
gal right of families abroad to join immi
grant relatives living in France and cele
brating the country’s “Christian culture”.
She still inspires loathing in some quar
ters; one campaign bus was stoned on its
way to Reims. But she has spent years try
ing to purge her party of the jackbooted
image it had under her father, JeanMarie
Le Pen, and make it more respectable. Her
strategy is to appeal to bluecollar voters
on both the right and the left, particularly
in formerly Communistvoting parts of the
rustbelt of northern France. Hence her em
phasis on curbing the cost of living, which
polls say is a much bigger worry than im
migration. Among bluecollar voters, she
is the most popular candidate.
Although Mr Zemmour’s candidacy has
dented Ms Le Pen’s polling, it has also
helped to make her politics appear less ex
treme. Mr Zemmour rails unabashedly
against Islam; Ms Le Pen denounces not
the religion but “Islamist ideology”. Each
has, until recently, praised Vladimir Putin.
Mr Zemmour declared he was against even
welcoming Ukrainian refugees—before
backpedalling after an outcry. Ms Le Pen
has argued in favour.
Polls suggest that Mr Macron would
still beat Ms Le Pen in a runoff, albeit by a
narrower margin than in 2017. Yet there is
more at stake for Ms Le Pen. Mr Zemmour’s
broader ambition is to “unite the right”: to
bring together the Republicans’ socially
conservative Catholic vote and Ms Le Pen’s
nationalist vote under a single banner. He
has already stolen from her team. This
week her niece, Marion Maréchal, defected
to his camp. Ms Le Pen is fighting for her
party’s survival, convinced that MrZem
mour’s main aim is not to win buttofinish
her off, whatever the election result.n
R EIMS
The nationalist-populist hopes her
third run is luckier
Threats to her right
C
onspiracy bugshavemanytheories
about governments using covid
measures to control people. In liberal
democracies they tend to be twaddle. But
in Hungary Viktor Orban’s government
really is using covid vaccination cam
paigns to manipulate its citizens—not
with microchips or 5g,but with old
fashioned propaganda.
Mr Orban faces an election on April
3rd. In February, people who registered
for jabs on the health ministry’s website
began receiving thinly disguised cam
paign emails for Fidesz, the ruling party.
These stated that the government was
wisely keeping Hungary out of the war in
Ukraine, and that the opposition had
proposed sending troops. (It has not.)
Recipients complained to the Nation
al Election Committee, which ruled that
the emails were fine. They had been sent
by the government’s information bureau,
which, after all, has a duty to inform
people. An appeal to the supreme court
(whosepresidentwaspickedbyFidesz)
fared slightly better. Notifying the public
of the government’s excellent policies
was OK, it ruled, but denouncing the
opposition was out of bounds.
The war creates a problem for Mr
Orban. He is friendly with Vladimir
Putin, whom he calls a “reliable partner”.
He opposes boycotting Russian oil and
gas. The more Mr Putin bombs hospitals
in Ukraine, the more Mr Orban is tar
nished by association. Meanwhile, the
emails show how he has blurred the
separation of powers, using the state’s
tools to entrench Fidesz’s control. “Gov
ernment communications and Fidesz
communications are completely insepa
rable,” says Peter Kreko of Political Cap
ital, a thinktank. The government puts
up promotional posters bearing the
motto “Forward, not back”, which hap
pens to be a Fidesz campaign slogan.
Using a vaccination database as a cam
paign email list is just part of the game.
PropagandainHungary
Political boosters
Viktor Orban uses a state covid database as a campaign email list