sleep disorders 3: 384
tai chi 4: 101
upper arm circumference 4: 307
uterine prolapse 3: 350
obesity and cardiovascular disease
2:89–90, 89 t
atherosclerosis 2: 22
cardiovascular disease
prevention 4: 16
cardiovascular system 2: 6
hyperlipidemia 2: 65
hypertension 2: 66
lifestyle and cardiovascular
health 2: 73
risk factors for cardiovascular
disease 2: 102
obesity and health 4:301–302, 301 t
aging and nutrition/dietary
changes 4:176, 177
childhood obesity 4:291, 292
diabetes 3: 120
endocrine system 3: 102
exercise and health 4: 221
health risk factors 4:28, 29
lifestyle and cancer 2: 382
lifestyle and health 4: 38
obligate intracellular parasite. See
virus
obsessive-compulsive disorder
(OCD) 3: 376 , 378,381, 386
obstructive sleep apnea 1:39,59;
2:90, 184; 3:187, 384; 4: 283
occupational health and safety
4:39–40, 39 t. See alsoUS
Occupational Safety and Health
Administration
carpal tunnel syndrome
1:315–316
contact dermatitis 1: 150
ergonomics 4:23–24
eye strain 1: 90
HIV/AIDS prevention 4: 33
noise exposure and hearing
1:36–37
repetitive motion injuries
1:352–353
routine medical examination
4: 45
tuberculosis prevention 4: 49
workplace stress 4: 256
occupational therapy 1:223, 243,
341
OCD. Seeobsessive-compulsive
disorder
ocular herpes simplex 1:103
ocular herpes zoster 1:103
oculomotor nerve 1:246, 247t
off-label use 1:153; 4: 149 , 163
olanzapine 3:367, 377
olfactory nerve 1:37, 52, 53, 246,
247 t
oliguria 3:213
omega fatty acids and
cardiovascular health 2: 50 , 90
oncogenes 2:384–385, 384 t–385t,
397
onychocryptosis. Seeingrown nail
onychomycosis 1:179
oophorectomy 3: 292 , 307
open-angle glaucoma 1:92, 93t
open fracture 1:322; 4: 364 , 366
open heart surgery 2:33–34, 44,
90–91,287; 4: 334
open surgery 2:168, 394; 3:48, 291,
307; 4:260, 266, 268, 284
operation 4:268–270, 268 t– 270 t.
See alsosurgery; specific operations,
e.g.:amputation
ophthalmic examination
1:103–104
dark adaptation test 1:85–86
electroretinography 1:87
fluorescein staining 1:91
ophthalmoscopy 1:104–105
optical coherence tomography
(OCT) 1:105
refraction test 1:111
slit lamp examination
1:117–118
Snellen chart 1:118
tonometry 1: 119
vision health 1: 122
ophthalmoscopy 1:104–105
opiate receptors 4:313, 325, 332,
342, 344, 345
opiates 1:362, 366, 368; 4:347,
347 t. See alsonarcotics
heroin 4: 338
methadone 4: 342
naltrexone 4: 344
narcotics 4: 344
substance abuse 4: 311
withdrawal syndrome 4: 354
opium 1:361; 4:145, 311, 344, 347
opportunistic infections 2:347, 347 t
oppositional defiant disorder 3:378
optical coherence tomography
(OCT) 1:105
optic disk 1:105, 107, 113
optic nerve 1:105, 105 t;3:151, 155.
See alsooptic disk
cranial nerves 1:246, 247teye 1: 89
eyes 1: 65
glaucoma 1: 92
intraocular pressure 1: 97
ischemic optic neuropathy
1:97–98
multiple sclerosis 1: 263
retina 1: 113
retrobulbar optic neuritis
1:115–116
optic nerve atrophy 1: 94 , 105–106,
105 t
optic nerve hypoplasia 1:106
oral cancers 4:306, 353
oral contraception 1:132, 374;
2:48, 65, 105, 308, 374, 381
oral hygiene 1:25, 26, 39,44;
4:24–25
Orange Book, The4: 159 , 163, 172
orbital cellulitis 1: 88 , 106, 119
orchiectomy 3:307–308
orchiopexy 3: 267 , 308
orchitis 3: 277 , 308
organ donation 4:272–273
organ harvest 1:81, 233, 248; 4: 272
organic brain syndrome 1:272–273,
272 t
organic solvents 4:347–348, 348 t
organ of Corti 1:3, 17
organ transplantation 4:270–273,
270 t. See also specific transplantation
operations, e.g.:liver
transplantation
cell-mediated immunity 2: 253
cloning 4: 119
cystic fibrosis and the lungs
2: 202
graft vs. host disease 2: 263
HLAs 2:267, 268
immunosuppressive medications
2: 276
immunosuppressive therapy
2: 276
lifestyle and health 4: 38
orgasm 3:272, 300, 306, 308–309,
338, 354
Ornish program 2:91–92; 4:78, 90
orphan drug 4:163–164
OSHA. SeeUS Occupational Safety
and Health Administration
ossification 1:293, 299, 308
osteoarthritis 1:341–342; 2:30, 291
aging and musculoskeletal
changes 1: 300
cartilage 1: 316
cervical spondylosis 1:316–317Index 493