National Geographic History - 01.2019 - 02.2019
SOMETHING IN COMMON About 440 living languages around the world share Indo-European roots, and similarities between terms and co ...
NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC HISTORY 19 Religion God: In Indo-European it is *déiwo-s, from which is derived the Sanskrit GHYi the Old I ...
ANA TOLIAN CEL TIC IN D O- IR AN IA N G R E E K G E R M A N IC IT A L IC BRYTHO NIC GAELIC LA TI N F AL IS CA N KO IN E IND O- ...
Umbrian ALBANIAN BALTIC OS CAN CL AS SIC AL LA TIN S pa ni sh aC at la n Gal ic ian P or tu gu es e Fr en ch I ta lia n (^) Roma ...
LAW AND ORDER IN THE NEW KINGDOM Justice and the Pharaohs ...
Reflecting the order of the cosmos, a pharaoh’s duty was to instill justice on earth. He created laws as the need arose, even pr ...
24 JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2019 SYMBOLS OF JUSTICE A bas-relief from the New Kingdom shows Maat (above), the goddess of order and justi ...
uphold order through wise rule, just decisions, and humility before the gods. This belief united commoners and kings in the resp ...
26 JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2019 the oracular voice was attributed to a deceased pharaoh, Amenhotep I, the focus of an impor- tant Theba ...
JUDGE AND PHARAOH A lintel from the Temple of Amun-Re at Karnak depicts Amenhotep I, the second ruler of the 18th dynasty. This ...
ARTISANS’ VILLAGE On the west bank of the Nile, the site of Deir el Medina was home to the New Kingdom masons and craftsmen who ...
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30 JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2019 FORCED CONFESSIONS CRIME RING dynasty, looting royal tombs had become an increasing concern to local of ...
and quarrels between neighbors, theft, injuries, and calumnies. The kenbets were empowered to administer punishments for the min ...
LABOR AND THE LAW CAPTIVE CRIMINALS this writing, archaeologists have not positively identified any sites as being a kheneret, s ...
NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC HISTORY 33 than by means of a long sentence. Forced labor was common, and criminals were also threat- ened w ...
THE HARSHEST PUNISHMENTS BRONZE FIGURINEOF THE GODDESS MAAT ON A THRONE WITH HER CHARACTERISTIC OSTRICH FEATHER ON HER HEAD. 21S ...
DETAIL OF A THIRD-MILLENNIUM B.C. RELIEF FROM THE SAQQARA NECROPOLIS SHOWING A THIEF APPREHENDED BY A TRAINED BABOON SLAVES ARE ...
LAWYER, STATESMAN, PHILOSOPHER Cicero is remembered for his strong defense of the values of the Roman Republic and rejection of ...
Death of the Roman Republic JOSÉ MIGUEL BAÑOS In 43 B.C. two Roman soldiers stopped a litter near the port of Gaeta. Inside sat ...
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