Russian Hajj. Empire and the Pilgrimage to Mecca - Eileen Kane

26 Chapter One than a response to acute need. Only a small number of Russian Orthodox Christians made the Jerusalem pilgrimage; ...

Imperialism through Islamic Networks 27 Syria in the nineteenth century was central to global hajj routes because of the Damascu ...

28 Chapter One For security, pilgrims taking land routes to Mecca tried to join one of these hajj caravans. The Damascus caravan ...

Imperialism through Islamic Networks 29 times of war or famine, the route was unsecured, Bedouin attacks were frequent, and some ...

30 Chapter One Second, following the withdrawal of Egyptian troops from Syria the Ottomans struggled for years to restore order ...

Imperialism through Islamic Networks 31 in this period, because of Ottoman failures to provide security. They also show that som ...

32 Map 3. Hajj route followed by caravan from Kazikumukh in the North Caucasus, 183 9–1841 RED SEA PERSIAN GULF N 0 0 100 200 30 ...

Imperialism through Islamic Networks 33 Bazili immediately took up their case. He took the three pilgrims who had shown up at hi ...

34 Chapter One Ottoman lands. According to eighteenth-century treaty agreements with the Ottomans (the Capitulations), Russia, l ...

Imperialism through Islamic Networks 35 In the case of the Dagestani hajj pilgrims we can begin to see the outlines of an emergi ...

36 Chapter One support for hajj pilgrims central to Russia’s mission and policy in Syria. These consulates and the services they ...

Imperialism through Islamic Networks 37 along the route, and pilgrims began to opt for sea routes between the Black and Red seas ...

38 Chapter One Under the new leadership of M. S. Vorontsov, named Russian viceroy of the Caucasus in 1844, Russia tried a differ ...

Imperialism through Islamic Networks 39 in the Ottoman Empire through Sunni hajj pilgrims who left Dagestan every year for Mecca ...

40 Chapter One By offering his services to Russia’s Muslim pilgrims, and registering their passports with the vice-consulate, vi ...

Imperialism through Islamic Networks 41 heirs managed to recover the 300 rubles he left behind. Nevertheless, the case offers va ...

42 Chapter One a proposal to establish a Russian consulate in Mecca. The idea grew out of the awful suffering of Russia’s hajj p ...

Imperialism through Islamic Networks 43 India intersected with hajj routes from the Caucasus, the idea of a Russian con- sulate ...

44 Chapter One the trip to Mashhad. Many pilgrims spent “their last kopecks” on the journey, which left their families who staye ...

Imperialism through Islamic Networks 45 support from Russia’s Damascus vice-consul.^85 Titov essentially argued that Russia coul ...