The Mongols and the Black Sea Trade in the 13th and 14th Centuries

210 chapter four after the military setbacks of 1343–1344, Janibek planned a combined land and sea operation for spring of the f ...

the golden horde and the black sea 211 When the Genoese thus scoured the crimean coast of rival ships, they not only confirmed o ...

212 chapter four waiting game, hoping that the exorbitant cost of holding the city and the plague which had thinned the defender ...

the golden horde and the black sea 213 there are several indications that the severe death toll caused by war and plague led to ...

214 chapter four remind us of the depreciating and spoiling wares which Özbek found at the beginning of his reign as a result of ...

the golden horde and the black sea 215 reopening trade so completely to the Genoese and to the Venetians was tantamount to a who ...

216 chapter four the merchants of the Serenissima must have been greatly tempted to revive the market at tana, and knew that the ...

the golden horde and the black sea 217 that the parties to the contract thought the project realistic. the targets of this hosti ...

218 chapter four irreversible effects, they certainly marked a shift in the balance of power against the Jochids.294 the most su ...

the golden horde and the black sea 219 this inference reveals how gravely the Jochid state was generally affected by the khan’s ...

220 chapter four Berdibek presided over the transition from one epoch to the other, and his Black Sea policy was consistent with ...

the golden horde and the black sea 221 over the ruling ulus on the Volga.305 this inversion of power relations was taken to its ...

222 chapter four progressed.309 the annexation of podolia that followed then stimulated Lithuania’s appetite for expansion at th ...

the golden horde and the black sea 223 did the Genoese visit the port at the mouth of the Don during this period, completely exp ...

224 chapter four fused.319 In order to put an end to such dangerous developments, Mamai sent a punitive expedition against the r ...

the golden horde and the black sea 225 Many historians studying this epoch-making event have seen the battle as valuable evidenc ...

226 chapter four the underlying political plan kept the same essentially unitary character once it had been so suddenly revived ...

the golden horde and the black sea 227 cherkez had been sent to seek peace and friendship, on condition that the Genoese remain ...

228 chapter four carefully worded on this basis, but autonomy also explains an apparent omission. the treaty fixed in writing th ...

the golden horde and the black sea 229 of caffan autonomy341 but also conceded to Genoa full rule over a number of settlements w ...